{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:26:31Z","timestamp":1777854391986,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sets of top-ranking pages in 19 languages returned by the Google search engine were downloaded and their titles and meta tagged keywords analyzed. Results showed significant differences in proportion of pages with keywords depending on language; specifically, pages in Dutch, French, and German showed the highest proportions with keywords, while pages in Chinese and Korean showed the lowest proportions. Keywords were mostly in the languages of the pages, though on Chinese, Greek, Indonesian, and Turkish pages keywords in English or in English mixed with other languages predominated. The proportion of very long titles also varied significantly with language, with nearly 10% of titles on Russian pages exceeding 100 bytes, in contrast to less than 1% on Chinese, Finnish, Indonesian, and Polish pages. Both standard ASCII extensions and character entity references were used to code special characters in titles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551504042805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,22]],"date-time":"2004-06-22T22:59:04Z","timestamp":1087945144000},"page":"268-279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Variations in Use of Meta Tag Keywords by Web Pages in Different Languages"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Timothy C.","family":"Craven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Middlesex College, The                         University of Western Ontario, Canada,"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Information Processing and Management","author":"T.C. Craven"},{"issue":"5","key":"atypb2","first-page":"303","volume":"26","author":"T.C. Craven","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007054"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb4","volume":"11","author":"T.C. Craven","year":"2001","journal-title":"LIBRES"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v6i10.895"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb6","first-page":"1","volume":"26","author":"T.C. Craven","year":"2001","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/LIBR.2002.36"},{"issue":"4","key":"atypb8","volume":"3","author":"T.C. Craven","year":"1998","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:8<745::AID-ASI70>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"issue":"5","key":"atypb10","first-page":"458","volume":"59","author":"D.L. King","year":"1998","journal-title":"College and Research Libraries"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:2<181::AID-ASI9>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007205"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4571(2000)9999:9999<::AID-ASI1029>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"430","volume-title":"SIGIR\u201901","author":"B. Rahardjo"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10018"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5860\/lrts.42n4.258"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/LIBR.2001.86"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(01)00039-5"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/eb051467"},{"key":"atypb20","volume-title":"What Lays in the Layout","author":"E. Amitay.","year":"2001"},{"issue":"9","key":"atypb21","volume":"7","author":"J. de Kloet","year":"2002","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Global Internet Statistics (by Language)","author":"Global Reach","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Nua Internet Surveys","author":"Nua","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb24","first-page":"145","volume-title":"21st National Online Meeting: Proceedings-2000","author":"S. He"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Guidelines for Abstracts","author":"National Information Standards Organisation","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Submit Corner-Guides-META Tag Guide-Keywords Tag","author":"Submit Corner","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"Optimizing for Search Engines in Other Languages","author":"B. Dunlap","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"Multilingual Search Engine Optimisation","author":"bigmouthmedia","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb29","volume-title":"Meta Tags Search Engine Optimization Meta Keyword Tag - HighRankings.com","author":"J. Whalen","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"Pandecta Magazine","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"Meta Tags and the Search Engines","author":"J. Birch","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb32","volume-title":"Meta Tag Information","author":"A-1 HTML","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10091"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"PageRank: Google\u2019s Original Sin","author":"D. Brandt","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"Salon.com. Technology","author":"F. Manjoo","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/iilr.2000.0128"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551504042805","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551504042805","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:06:49Z","timestamp":1777504009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0165551504042805"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0165551504042805"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165551504042805","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}