{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:26:33Z","timestamp":1777854393348,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]],"date-time":"2004-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1091318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To be faced with a document collection and not to be able to find the information you know exists somewhere within it is a problem as old as the existence of document collections. Information architecture is the discipline dealing with the modern version of this problem: how to organize web sites so that users can actually find what they are looking for. Information architects have so far applied known and well-tried tools from library science to solve this problem, and now topic maps are sailing up as another potential tool for information architects. This raises the question of how topic maps compare with the traditional solutions, and that is the question this paper attempts to address. The paper argues that topic maps go beyond the traditional solutions in the sense that they provide a framework within which they can be represented as they are, but also extended in ways which significantly improve information retrieval.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551504045856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]],"date-time":"2004-09-06T10:25:32Z","timestamp":1094466332000},"page":"378-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Metadata? Thesauri? Taxonomies? Topic Maps! Making Sense of it all"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Lars Marius","family":"Garshol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontopia, Oslo, Norway,"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","author":"S. Weibel","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Internet Society"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"XML 2002 Conference Proceedings","author":"L.M. Garshol"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"ISO 2788:1986: Guidelines for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"ISO 5964:1985: Guidelines for the establishment and development of multilingual thesauri","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Ranganathan for IAs. In: Boxes and Arrows","author":"M. Steckel","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/3828.001.0001"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Introduction to XFML","author":"P. van Dijck","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"The TAO of Topic Maps","author":"S. Pepper","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Topic Map Design Patterns For Information Architecture","author":"K. Ahmed","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"FML Ontology and Converter","author":"L.M. Garshol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551504045856","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551504045856","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:06:51Z","timestamp":1777504011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0165551504045856"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0165551504045856"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165551504045856","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}