{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:26:48Z","timestamp":1777854408465,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the United Kingdom, government proposals for the introduction of an identity (ID) card have raised considerable privacy concerns. In the present research, opinions and attitudes about different ways of implementing ID cards are examined using an experimental methodology. Specifically, the level and type of compulsion and application process, and the use of a centralized database or trusted third party to hold personal information, are compared for attitudes towards ID cards. Moreover, the impact of implementation scenarios on people with different privacy concern profiles is examined. The results show that an implementation that combines high compulsion with a centralized database (the approach currently favoured by the UK Government) leads to the greatest negative shift in attitudes towards ID cards. Implementations proposed by others (e.g. the London School of Economics) show significantly less negative shift in attitudes. People\u2019s pre-existing privacy concerns also influence their evaluation of the different implementation scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551506064902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,9]],"date-time":"2006-06-09T20:28:17Z","timestamp":1149884897000},"page":"334-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Watching me, watching you: privacy attitudes and reactions to identity card                 implementation scenarios in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Adam N.","family":"Joinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, UK,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Paine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulf-Dietrich","family":"Reips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20122"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"No2ID","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"ID Cards Bill Faces Tough Time in Lords after Battering from Critics","author":"The Guardian","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9248.2005.00527.x"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"The Identity Cards Bill: the Information Commissioner\u2019s Concerns","author":"The Office of the Information Commissioner","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"ID Cards Will Lead to \u2018Massive Fraud\u2019","author":"J. Fishenden","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Identity Cards: an Assessment of Awareness and Demand for the Identity Card Scheme","author":"Home Office","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Privacy, Trust and Disclosure: Exploring Barriers to Electronic Commerce","author":"M. J. Metzger","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"CHI","author":"J. Nickel"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1509\/jppm.19.1.27.16941"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2786231"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327663jcp1401&2_6"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551505055400"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.1.104"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Internet Worries US Consumers","author":"J. Oates","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb16","volume-title":"E-commerce and Privacy: What Net Users Want, Privacy and American Business and Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP","author":"Harris and Associates Inc","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Computerworld"},{"key":"atypb18","unstructured":"The Times                 , Cost of ID Cards \u2018may spiral to                 \u00a3300\u2019 (2005) Available at:                 http:\/\/www.timesonline.co.uk\/newspaper\/0,173-1656121,00.htm (accessed 5                 July 2005)."},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Alternative Blueprint for a National Identification System","author":"LSE","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb20","volume-title":"Home Office Response to the London School of Economics\u2019 ID Cards Cost Estimates and Alternative Blueprint","author":"Home Office","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"Identity Cards Trade Off Research Interim Report","author":"Home Office","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0033-3298.2005.00455.x"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"CASRO","author":"A. Westin"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-4560.00072"},{"key":"atypb25","author":"H. Taylor","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Harris Poll"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Privacy Knowledge Base","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"Public Opinion and Privacy","author":"Electronic Privacy Information Centre","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"Toward an Information Bill of Rights and Responsibilities","author":"O. H. Gandy Jr","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb29","author":"T. Buchanan","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551506064902","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551506064902","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:07:08Z","timestamp":1777504028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0165551506064902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0165551506064902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165551506064902","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}}}