{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:27:53Z","timestamp":1777854473874,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]],"date-time":"2013-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Flat folksonomy uses simple tags and has emerged as a powerful instrument for classifying and sharing a huge amount of knowledge on Web 2.0. However, it has semantic problems, such as ambiguous and misunderstood tags. To alleviate such problems, researchers have built structured folksonomies with a hierarchical structure or relationships among tags. Structured folksonomies, however, also have some fundamental problems, such as limited tagging of pre-defined vocabulary and time-consuming manual effort required to select tags. To resolve these problems, we suggested a new method of attaching a tag with its category, which we call a categorized tag (CT), to web content. CTs entered by users are automatically and immediately integrated into a collaboratively built structured folksonomy (CSF), reflecting the tag-and-category relationships supported by the majority of users. Then, we developed a CT-based knowledge organization system (CTKOS), which builds upon the CSF to classify organizational knowledge and enables us to locate appropriate knowledge. In addition, the results of the evaluation, which we conducted to compare our proposed system with the flat folksonomy system, indicate that users perceive CTKOS to be more useful than the flat folksonomy system in terms of knowledge sharing (i.e. the tagging mechanism) and retrieval (i.e. the searching mechanism).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551513480309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,21]],"date-time":"2013-03-21T01:12:52Z","timestamp":1363828372000},"page":"593-607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Building and evaluating a collaboratively built structured folksonomy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Donghee","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics Engineering and Information Science, Korea Military Academy, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Keunho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Korea University, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Yongmoo","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Korea University, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Gunwoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business and Accounting, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60566-368-5.ch013"},{"key":"bibr2-0165551513480309","first-page":"108","volume-title":"Proceedings of online information","author":"Weller K","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr3-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Hodge G. Systems of knowledge organization for digital libraries: Beyond traditional authority files. CLIR Publications, http:\/\/www.clir.org\/pubs\/reports\/pub91\/reports\/pub91\/pub91.pdf (2000, accessed May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr4-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783598441585"},{"key":"bibr5-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-0073-3_1"},{"key":"bibr6-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-023X(96)00014-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr7-0165551513480309","first-page":"165","volume":"59","author":"Weller K","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information - Wissenschaft and Praxis"},{"key":"bibr8-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Quintarelli E. Folksonomies: Power to the people. In: Proceedings of the 1st international society for knowledge organization, Milan, http:\/\/www.iskoi.org\/doc\/folksonomies.htm (2005, accessed May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr9-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00012531011074690"},{"key":"bibr10-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Mathes A. Folksonomies:\n                      Cooperative classification and communication through shared metadata\n                      , http:\/\/www.adammathes.com\/academic\/computer-mediated-communication\/folksonomies.html (2004, accessed May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr11-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Kroski E. The hive mind: Folksonomies and user-based tagging, http:\/\/infotangle.blogsome.com\/2005\/12\/07\/the-hive-mind-folksonomies-and-user-based-tagging (2005, accessed March 2011)."},{"key":"bibr12-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hammond T, Hannay T, Lund B, Scott J. Social bookmarking tools (I): A general review. D-Lib Magazine, 2005; 11, http:\/\/www.dlib.org\/dlib\/april05\/hammond\/04hammond.html (accessed May 2012).","DOI":"10.1045\/april2005-hammond"},{"key":"bibr13-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Shirky C. Ontology is overrated: Categories, links, and tags, http:\/\/www.shirky.com\/writings\/ontology_overrated.html (2005 accessed May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr14-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783598441851"},{"key":"bibr15-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1135777.1135869"},{"key":"bibr16-0165551513480309","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ESWC 2008 Workshop Collective Intelligence & the Semantic Web","author":"Angeletou S","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr17-0165551513480309","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"Weinberger D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Esther Dyson\u2019s Monthly Report"},{"key":"bibr18-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551506062337"},{"key":"bibr19-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2007.11.008"},{"key":"bibr20-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02121-3_49"},{"key":"bibr21-0165551513480309","volume-title":"Proceedings of the web science conference","author":"Limpens F","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr22-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11914853_45"},{"key":"bibr23-0165551513480309","unstructured":"Marchetti A, Tesconi M, Ronzano F. Semkey: A semantic collaborative tagging system. In: Proceedings of the WWW 2007 workshop tagging and metadata for social information organization, Banff, Alberta, 2007."},{"key":"bibr24-0165551513480309","volume-title":"Proceedings of the international conference on weblogs and social media","author":"Passant A","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr25-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2007.11.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr26-0165551513480309","first-page":"100","volume":"59","author":"Peters I","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information - Wissenschaft & Praxis"},{"key":"bibr27-0165551513480309","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ESWC 2007 workshop bridging the gap between semantic web and web 2.0","author":"Abbasi R","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr28-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75195-3_30"},{"key":"bibr29-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-72667-8_44"},{"key":"bibr30-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88564-1_39"},{"key":"bibr31-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2006.11.002"},{"key":"bibr32-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/knac.1993.1008"},{"key":"bibr33-0165551513480309","unstructured":"McGuinness DL, Harmelen FV. OWL web ontology language overview (W3C Recommendation 10 February 2004), http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl-features\/ (2004, accessed May 2012)."},{"key":"bibr34-0165551513480309","volume-title":"Collective intelligence: Mankind\u2019s emerging world in cyberspace","author":"L\u00e9vy P","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr35-0165551513480309","first-page":"16","volume":"9","author":"Weiss A","year":"2005","journal-title":"netWorker"},{"key":"bibr36-0165551513480309","volume-title":"Wikinomics: How mass collaboration changes everything","author":"Tapscott D","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr37-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"key":"bibr38-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926"},{"key":"bibr39-0165551513480309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551513480309","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0165551513480309","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0165551513480309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:08:32Z","timestamp":1777504112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0165551513480309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0165551513480309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165551513480309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]]}}}