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Guided by a cognitive process model of sensemaking expanding prior models with ideas from learning and cognitive psychology, we conducted a qualitative user study of 15 participants with news writing and business analysis tasks to investigate the evolvement of their knowledge structures. We collected and analysed think-aloud protocols along with recorded screen activities, intermediate work products including notes and concept maps, and the final reports. Findings suggested that: (a) the sensemaking process can be viewed as composed of several iterations that fall into nine slightly varied common patterns, which make up the components of sensemaking; (b) conceptual changes fall into three broad classes \u2013 accretion, tuning and restructuring; and (c) changes in forms of representation seem to assist in sensemaking. These findings provide insights for system design that assists in sensemaking and intelligent use of information. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551515615834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T14:36:17Z","timestamp":1452609377000},"page":"59-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Process patterns and conceptual changes in knowledge representations during information seeking and sensemaking: A qualitative user study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Pengyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Management, Peking University, China"}]},{"given":"Dagobert","family":"Soergel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo, 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