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We then present a perspective on searching as learning that focuses on the learning that occurs during the search process, as well as search outputs and learning outcomes. The concept of \u2018comprehensive search\u2019 is proposed to describe iterative, reflective and integrative search sessions that facilitate critical and creative learning beyond receptive learning. We also discuss how search interaction data can provide a rich source of implicit and explicit features through which to assess search-related learning. In conclusion, we summarize opportunities and challenges for future research with respect to four agendas: developing a search system that supports sense-making and enhances learning; supporting effective user interaction for searching as learning; providing an inquiry-based literacy tool within a search system; and assessing learning from online searching behaviour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551515615841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T09:36:17Z","timestamp":1452591377000},"page":"19-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Towards searching as a learning process: A review of current perspectives and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Soo Young","family":"Rieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, University of Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevyn","family":"Collins-Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, University of Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preben","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye-Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Education and Innovation, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bibr1-0165551515615841","first-page":"1","volume":"47","author":"Beheshti J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"bibr2-0165551515615841","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Youth information-seeking behavior II: Context, theories, models, and issues","author":"Dhillon MK.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr3-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1551788.1551804"},{"key":"bibr4-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13614540902812631"},{"key":"bibr5-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2007.00351.x"},{"key":"bibr6-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21681"},{"key":"bibr7-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2012.05.001"},{"key":"bibr8-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1121949.1121979"},{"key":"bibr9-0165551515615841","volume-title":"A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing","author":"Anderson L","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr10-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2215676.2215678"},{"issue":"10","key":"bibr11-0165551515615841","volume-title":"Dagstuhl Reports","volume":"3","author":"Agosti M","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr12-0165551515615841","first-page":"3252","volume":"2010","author":"Limberg L","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences"},{"key":"bibr13-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2009.05.004"},{"key":"bibr14-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22758"},{"key":"bibr15-0165551515615841","volume-title":"Seeking meaning","author":"Kuhlthau C.","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr16-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(02)00031-6"},{"key":"bibr17-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2007.04.012"},{"key":"bibr18-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0579-6"},{"key":"bibr19-0165551515615841","volume-title":"Information power: Building partnerships for learning","author":"American Association of School Librarians and Association for Educational Communications and Technology","year":"1998"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr20-0165551515615841","first-page":"259","volume":"4","author":"Vakkari P.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Information Retrieval"},{"key":"bibr21-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21683"},{"key":"bibr22-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59904-240-4"},{"key":"bibr23-0165551515615841","volume-title":"Taxonomy of educational objectives","author":"Bloom B.","year":"1956"},{"key":"bibr24-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2348283.2348343"},{"key":"bibr25-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2362724.2362768"},{"key":"bibr26-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808194.2809465"},{"key":"bibr27-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v12i8.1998"},{"key":"bibr28-0165551515615841","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Head A, Eisenberg M. 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