{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:29:12Z","timestamp":1777854552531,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This work aims to generate classification models that help determine the colour of an epidemiological semaphore (ES) by analysing online news and being better prepared for the different changes in the evolution of the pandemic. To accomplish this, we introduce Cov-NES-Mex corpus, a collection of 77,983 news (labelled with the Mexican ES system) related to Covid-19 for the 32 regions of Mexico. Also, we showed measures that describe the corpus as imbalanced and with a high vocabulary overlap between classes. In addition, evaluation measurements of the pandemic by region are proposed. Furthermore, a classification model, based on a transformer architecture specialised for the Spanish language, achieved up to 0.83 of F-measure. Thus, this work provides evidence that there is essential information in the news that can be used to determine the colour of the ES up to 4 weeks in advance. Finally, the presented results could be applied to other Spanish-speaking countries, which do not have an ES system, thus inferring and comparing their situation concerning the Mexican ES.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01655515221100952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T05:33:43Z","timestamp":1656480823000},"page":"568-589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Classifying the Mexican epidemiological semaphore colour from the Covid-19 text Spanish news"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Miguel A","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Carmona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedras Conacyt - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8269-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedras Conacyt - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9971-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ansel Y","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedras Conacyt - Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Pellegrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedras Conacyt - Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias de Informaci\u00f3n Geoespacial, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15366\/riejs2020.9.3.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2021.2007227."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2020.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arce-Cardenas S Fajardo-Delgado D \u00c1lvarez-Carmona M\u00c1 et al. A tourist recommendation system: a study case in Mexico. In: Mexican international conference on artificial intelligence. Springer pp. 184\u2013195 https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-89820-5_15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89820-5_15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"Estudio descriptivo de la aplicaci\u00f3n del Sem\u00e1foro Epidemiol\u00f3gico y su efecto en el comercio de la Ciudad de Babahoyo","author":"Salinas Zu\u00f1iga JI","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salinas Zu\u00f1iga JI. Estudio descriptivo de la aplicaci\u00f3n del Sem\u00e1foro Epidemiol\u00f3gico y su efecto en el comercio de la Ciudad de Babahoyo. BS Thesis, UTB, Babahoyo, 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info10040150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/pan.2020.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.28940\/terra.v38i4.864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2019.09.229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Wang LL Lo K Chandrasekhar Y et al. CORD-19: the COVID-19 open research dataset. arXiv 2020 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.10706#:~:text=The%20COVID%2D19%20Open%20Research%20Dataset%20(CORD%2D19) and%20structured%20full%20text%20papers."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michel F Gandon F Ah-Kane V et al. Covid-on-the-web: knowledge graph and services to advance COVID-19 research. In: International semantic web conference. Springer pp. 294\u2013310 https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01655515211001661."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","unstructured":"Gonzalo J Montes-y-G\u00f3mez M Rosso P. IberLEF 2021 Overview: natural language processing for Iberian languages. In: Proceedings of the Iberian languages evaluation forum (IberLEF 2021) co-located with the conference of the Spanish Society for Natural Language Processing (SEPLN 2021) XXXVII international conference of the Spanish Society for Natural Language Processing M\u00e1laga vol. 2943 pp. 1\u201315 http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-2943\/Overview_iberLEF_2021.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magge A Klein A Miranda-Escalada A et al. Overview of the sixth social media mining for health applications (#SMM4H) shared tasks at NAACL 2021. In: Proceedings of the sixth social media mining for health (#SMM4H) workshop and shared task. Mexico City Mexico: Association for Computational Linguistics pp. 21\u201332 https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2021.smm4h-1.4","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.smm4h-1.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/25314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia2030024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"VaxxStance@IberLEF 2021: overview of the task on going beyond text in cross-lingual stance detection","volume":"67","author":"Agerri R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agerri R, Centeno R, Espinosa M et al. VaxxStance@IberLEF 2021: overview of the task on going beyond text in cross-lingual stance detection. Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural 2021; 67: 173\u2013181.","journal-title":"Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Hu Z Ge Q Li S et al. Artificial intelligence forecasting of COVID-19 in China. arXiv 2002.07112 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2002.07112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryct.2021200596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2021.101691"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-021-00289-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2020.101475"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2021.101688"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10165505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.osnem.2021.100123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irfa.2020.101546"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2021.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idh.2020.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2020.100049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","first-page":"223","article-title":"Overview of FakeDeS at IberLEF 2021: fake news detection in Spanish shared task","volume":"67","author":"G\u00f3mez-Adorno H","year":"2021","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Adorno H, Posadas-Dur\u00e1n JP, Enguix GB et al. Overview of FakeDeS at IberLEF 2021: fake news detection in Spanish shared task. Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural 2021; 67: 223\u2013231.","journal-title":"Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"281","volume-title":"Natural language processing and information systems","author":"Pinto D","unstructured":"Pinto D, Rosso P, Jim\u00e9nez-Salazar H. On the assessment of text corpora. In: Horacek H, M\u00e9tais E, Mu\u00f1oz R et al. (eds) Natural language processing and information systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 281\u2013290."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxq069"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"267","article-title":"Classification of attitude words for opinion mining","volume":"2","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez L","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez L, L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez A, Medina JE. Classification of attitude words for opinion mining. Int J Comput Linguist Appl 2011; 2(1\u20132): 267\u2013283.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Linguist Appl"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2019.12.011","article-title":"RFM model for customer purchase behavior using K-means algorithm","volume":"34","author":"Anitha P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anitha P, Patil MM. RFM model for customer purchase behavior using K-means algorithm. J King Saud Univ \u2013 Comput Inform Sci 2022; 34: 1785\u20131792.","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ \u2013 Comput Inform Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/336\/1\/012017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez JM Calot E Merlino H. Clasificaci\u00f3n de prescripciones m\u00e9dicas en espa\u00f1ol. In: XX Congreso Argentino de Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (Buenos Aires 2014) Buenos Aires Argentina p. 10 http:\/\/sedici.unlp.edu.ar\/handle\/10915\/42402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/SciELOPreprints.3834."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8111331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSPC.2017.8305851"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","volume-title":"BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Devlin J, Chang MW, Lee K et al. BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","unstructured":"V\u00e1squez J G\u00f3mez-Adorno H Bel-Enguix G. Bert-based approach for sentiment analysis of Spanish reviews from tripadvisor. In: Proceedings of the third workshop for Iberian languages evaluation forum (IberLEF 2021) CEUR WS proceedings http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-2943\/restmex_paper6.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","first-page":"163","article-title":"Overview of Rest-Mex at IberLEF 2021: recommendation system for text Mexican tourism","volume":"67","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Carmona M\u00c1","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-Carmona M\u00c1, Aranda R, Arce-Cardenas S et al. Overview of Rest-Mex at IberLEF 2021: recommendation system for text Mexican tourism. Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural 2021; 67: 163\u2013172.","journal-title":"Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","volume-title":"An effectiveness metric for ordinal classification: formal properties and experimental results","author":"Amig\u00f3 E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amig\u00f3 E, Gonzalo J, Mizzaro S et al. An effectiveness metric for ordinal classification: formal properties and experimental results. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.01245, 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2018 IEEE 15th international conference on networking, sensing and control (ICNSC)","author":"Liu H","unstructured":"Liu H, Zhou M, Lu XS et al. Weighted Gini index feature selection method for imbalanced data. In: 2018 IEEE 15th international conference on networking, sensing and control (ICNSC), Zhuhai, China, 27\u201329 March 2018, pp. 1\u20136. New York: IEEE."}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01655515221100952","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01655515221100952","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01655515221100952","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:09:42Z","timestamp":1777504182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01655515221100952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01655515221100952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01655515221100952","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]}}}