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The types of information and knowledge organisation schemes to be identified or organised include shallow taxonomies (e.g. a list of entities, a list of features of an entity, a list of events) and simple descriptive ontologies (e.g. a sequence of events, reasons of events, relation between entities or events). A total of 86 students participated in the study. Each student was asked to read an English book and a Chinese book, and to answer assessment questions about the content within the books. The questions ask children to identify members of a flat taxonomy and organise simple descriptive ontologies. The children\u2019s overall information and knowledge organisation competency is found to be weak, but children\u2019s information and knowledge organisation capabilities are not equally weak. The children identify features of an entity significantly better than a list of events, and identify reasons significantly better than flat taxonomies and relations. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for book writers, book cover designers, teachers, librarians and designers of information systems for children. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01655515221118048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]],"date-time":"2022-09-03T09:13:16Z","timestamp":1662196396000},"page":"1264-1276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing children\u2019s information and knowledge organisation competency in elementary schools of Hong Kong"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8411-4926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yejun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Library and Information Science, Louisiana State University, USA"}]},{"given":"Samuel KW","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, The University 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