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Indeed, query expansion is one of the best methods that plays an important role in improving searches for a better semantic information retrieval. The proposed approach in this study combines possibilistic networks (PNs), the vector space model (VSM) and pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) to evaluate and add relevant concepts to the initial index of the user\u2019s query. First, query expansion is performed using PN, VSM and domain knowledge. PRF is then exploited to enrich, in a second round, the user\u2019s query by applying the same approach used in the first expansion step. To evaluate the performance of the developed system, denoted conceptual information retrieval model (CIRM), several experiments of query expansion are performed. The experiments carried out on the OHSUMED and Clinical Trials corpora showed that using the two measures of possibility and necessity combined the cosinus similarity and PRF improves the query expansion process. Indeed, the improvement rate of our approach compared with the baseline is +28, 49% in terms of P@5.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01655515231167293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T02:41:34Z","timestamp":1682390494000},"page":"1235-1249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Improving semantic information retrieval by combining possibilistic networks, vector space model and pseudo-relevance feedback"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1491-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiem","family":"Chebil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Higer Institute of Computer Science of Mahdia, University of Monastir, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7668-2819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina F","family":"Soualmia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie, LITIS UR 4108, France; LIMICS, Inserm U 1142, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Human Language Technology and Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Popescu AM","unstructured":"Popescu AM, Etzioni O. 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Relationships in medical subject headings. In: Been CA, Green R (eds) Relationships in the organization of knowledge. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001, pp. 171\u2013184."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"SNOMED-CT. SNOMED International https:\/\/www.snomed.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(78)90029-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"160","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval","author":"Qiu Y","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Frei H. Concept based query expansion. In: Proceedings of the 16th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval, Pittsburg, PA, 27 June\u20131 July 1993, pp. 160\u2013169. 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