{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:37:08Z","timestamp":1783726628686,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,11]],"date-time":"2011-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The heart is increasingly recognized as a target for toxicity. As studies in laboratory rodents are commonly used to investigate the potential toxicity of various agents, the identification and characterization of lesions of cardiotoxicity is of utmost importance. Although morphologic criteria have been established for degenerative myocardial lesions in rats and mice, differentiation of spontaneously occurring lesions from toxin-induced or toxin-related lesions remains difficult. A retrospective light microscopic evaluation was performed on the hearts of F344 rats and B6C3F\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    mice from National Toxicology Program (NTP) studies of six chemicals identified in the NTP database in which treatment-induced myocardial toxicity was present. Two previously defined myocardial lesions were observed: \u201ccardiomyopathy\u201d that occurred spontaneously or as a treatment-related effect and \u201cmyocardial degeneration\u201d that occurred as a treatment-related effect. Both lesions consisted of the same basic elements, beginning with myofiber degeneration and necrosis, with varying amounts of inflammation, interstitial cell proliferation, and eventual fibrosis. This observation is indicative of the heart\u2019s limited repertoire of responses to myocardial injury, regardless of the nature of the inciting agent. A prominent differentiating factor between spontaneous and treatment-induced lesions was distribution and lesion onset. Once the respective lesions had undergone fibrosis, however, they generally appeared morphologically indistinguishable.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311413788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T02:29:23Z","timestamp":1310437763000},"page":"850-860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Morphologic Aspects of Rodent Cardiotoxicity in a Retrospective Evaluation of National Toxicology Program Studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Micheal P.","family":"Jokinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles River Laboratories\u2013Pathology Associates, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren G.","family":"Lieuallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles River Laboratories\u2013Pathology Associates, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal L.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles River Laboratories\u2013Pathology Associates, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Malarkey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Nyska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0192623311413788","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(00)00215-3"},{"key":"bibr2-0192623311413788","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-9942-4_1"},{"key":"bibr3-0192623311413788","first-page":"127","volume":"20","author":"Brilla C. 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Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Methyl Bromide (CAS: 74-83-9) in B6C3F\n                      1\n                      Mice (Inhalation Studies). NTP TR385, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC."},{"key":"bibr24-0192623311413788","unstructured":"National Toxicology Program (1992c). Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Monochloroacetic Acid (CAS No. 79-11-8) in F344\/N Rats and B6C3F\n                      1\n                      Mice (Gavage Studies). NTP TR396, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC."},{"key":"bibr25-0192623311413788","unstructured":"National Toxicology Program (1996). Toxicity Studies of Urethane (CAS No. 51-79-6) in Drinking Water and Urethane in 5% Ethanol Administered to F344\/N Rats and B6C3F\n                      1\n                      Mice. NTP TOX-52, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC."},{"key":"bibr26-0192623311413788","unstructured":"National Toxicology Program (1999). Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Oxymetholone (CAS NO. 434-07-1) in F344\/N Rats and Toxicology Studies of Oxymetholone in B6C3F\n                      1\n                      Mice (Gavage Studies). 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