{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:51:59Z","timestamp":1781686319961,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]],"date-time":"2011-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319155200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study was designed to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of in ovo inoculation of ochratoxin A (OTA) in chicken embryos and subsequently in the hatching chicks. Nine hundred fertile white leghorn (WL) layer breeder eggs were divided into eight groups (A\u2013H). Group A was maintained as untreated control, whereas group B was kept as sham control (10 \u00b5L of 0.1 M NaHCO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    solution). Before incubation, groups C, D, E, F, G, and H were injected with 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 \u00b5g OTA\/egg, respectively. At 53 hrs of incubation, crown to rump length, optic cups, and eye lens diameters were significantly ( p \u2264 .05) lower, whereas neural tube closure defects were higher in the OTA-treated embryos. Teratogenic defects (studied at day 9 of incubation) and embryonic mortalities were higher in the groups administered high doses of OTA. A significant increase was noted in the serum concentration of ALT, urea, and creatinine, along with higher weights of liver and kidney, in chicks hatched from OTA-contaminated eggs. These findings suggested that there are teratogenic and substantive toxicological risks in the developing chicken embryos and hatched chicks that could be exposed to OTA in ovo.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311425058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]],"date-time":"2011-10-21T23:36:42Z","timestamp":1319240202000},"page":"33-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Toxico-Pathological Effects of\n                    <i>In Ovo<\/i>\n                    Inoculation of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in Chick Embryos and Subsequently in Hatched Chicks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"family":"Zahoor-ul-Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur-63100, Bahawalpur, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zargham","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Kashif","family":"Saleemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahrar","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ijaz","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheraz Ahmed","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2004.5.4.359"},{"key":"bibr2-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001289900760"},{"key":"bibr3-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.005"},{"key":"bibr4-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450120118621"},{"key":"bibr5-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713654961"},{"key":"bibr6-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0521202"},{"key":"bibr7-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0501855"},{"key":"bibr8-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00024"},{"key":"bibr9-0192623311425058","first-page":"12","volume":"7","author":"Devegowda G.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Foodstuff"},{"key":"bibr11-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450600817115"},{"key":"bibr12-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4565.1977.tb00267.x"},{"key":"bibr13-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0670707"},{"key":"bibr14-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0681658"},{"key":"bibr15-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(78)90099-6"},{"key":"bibr16-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1050880104"},{"key":"bibr10-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0611832"},{"key":"bibr17-0192623311425058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660802295183"},{"key":"bibr18-0192623311425058","first-page":"120","volume":"49","author":"Hanif N. 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