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We aimed to assess the effect of single intratracheal pulmonary exposure to vanadium-rich respirable oil combustion PM (HP-10) on the intrinsic myocardial ischemic tolerance and mitochondrial integrity in rats. The authors subjected isolated heart tissue slices derived from saline or PM-exposed rats to low glucose low oxygen induced ischemia followed by oxygenated condition with glucose supplementation. Mitochondrial structural integrity was determined by TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and functionality by the 3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Rats exposed to PM exhibited no apparent inhibition of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in oxygenated conditions at 24 or 48 hr post\u2013PM exposure. However, in conditions of simulated ischemia\/reoxygenation, these heart slices showed a delayed but consistent and significant decrease in dehydrogenase activity compared to controls at 48 hr after exposure to PM. Electron microscopy revealed significant myocardial mitochondrial injury upon exposure to PM characterized by mitochondrial swelling and fusion. The authors conclude that exposure to soluble vanadium-rich PM induces mitochondrial functional impairment and structural abnormality, which compromises mitochondrial respiration and results in decreased tolerance to ischemia\/reoxygenation in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623312441409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T00:56:23Z","timestamp":1335920183000},"page":"779-788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Myocardial Mitochondrial Injury Induced by Pulmonary Exposure to Particulate Matter in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Eliahu","family":"Golomb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didi","family":"Matza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie A.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UltraPath Imaging, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herzl","family":"Schwalb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urmila P.","family":"Kodavanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aviva","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Houminer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Korach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Nyska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv; and Consultant in Toxicologic Pathology, Timrat, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oz M.","family":"Shapira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.03.058"},{"key":"bibr2-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.02.014"},{"key":"bibr3-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181aba749"},{"key":"bibr4-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2004.00237.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000128587.30041.C8"},{"key":"bibr6-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-010-0122-7"},{"key":"bibr7-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1"},{"key":"bibr8-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370802105405"},{"key":"bibr9-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01362.2005"},{"key":"bibr10-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.107.06002"},{"key":"bibr11-0192623312441409","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370802317745"},{"key":"bibr12-0192623312441409","volume-title":"Ultrastructural Pathology of the Cell and Matrix","author":"Ghadially F. 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