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This study provides incidence of the most common spontaneous nonneoplastic microscopic findings in each organ system of SD rats encountered during 104-week carcinogenicity studies. Some of the most common spontaneous background findings were cardiomyopathy; chronic progressive nephropathy; uterine cystic endometrial hyperplasia; prostate inflammation; pulmonary alveolar macrophage infiltrates; hepatocyte vacuolation, bile duct hyperplasia, and basophilic foci in the liver; pancreatic fibrosis; splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis and pigment; decreased lymphocytes and epithelial hyperplasia in the thymus; ventral brain compression; cystic degeneration and hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex; and mammary gland hyperplasia. The most common nonneoplastic findings in male SD rats were chronic progressive nephropathy (80.9%) and rodent progressive cardiomyopathy (73.2%). The most common nonnenoplastic findings in female SD rats were cystic degeneration of the adrenal cortex (64.7%) and ventral compression of the brain due to pituitary neoplasms (62.7%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01926233241289116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T05:28:38Z","timestamp":1730179718000},"page":"173-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Historical Control Background Incidence of Spontaneous Nonneoplastic Lesions of Sprague Dawley Rats in 104-Week Carcinogenicity Studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Bockenstedt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"},{"name":"Abbvie, North Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3512-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"},{"name":"Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6032-4224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Laast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alok","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","article-title":"Nonproliferative and proliferative lesions of the cardiovascular system of the rat and mouse","volume":"29","author":"Berridge BR","year":"2016","unstructured":"Berridge BR, Mowat V, Nagai H, et al. 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