{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:07:15Z","timestamp":1777914435285,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,1]],"date-time":"1990-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":657417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A chelator, dichloromethane diphosphonate (Cl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    MDP), used to treat for\n                    malignancy-induced hypercalcemia, has nephrotoxic potential. An acute animal\n                    model developed to examine the mechanism was used to further characterize the\n                    renal effects. NAG enzymuria appears to be an early premonitor of injury.\n                    Ultrastructurally, an increase in size and number of protein-containing\n                    phagolysosomal reabsorption droplets in proximal convoluted tubules associated\n                    with proteinuria precedes advent of tubular cell necrosis indicating these\n                    organelles to be a potential target site for Cl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    MDP in the kidney.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies using rabbit cortical tubules and rat\n                    brush border membrane vesicle preparations suggest that the renal toxicity is\n                    not due to perturbation of phosphate transport or oxidative metabolism. An\n                    operational hypothesis emerges indicating that Cl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    MDP may be protein\n                    bound affecting carrier protein charge facilitating glomeruler leakage with\n                    tubular accumulation via protein transport. Cl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    MDP may induce\n                    critical cation perturbation at the subcellular level as the mechanism of cell\n                    death.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/01926233900184p204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T09:47:02Z","timestamp":1448444822000},"page":"661-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of the Early Ultrastructural and Biochemical Events                    Occurring in Dichloromethane Diphosphonate Nephrotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Carl L.","family":"Alden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet L.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron D.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan L.","family":"Englehart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent W.","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Medical Center, P.O.\r                Box 3014, Durham, North Carolina 27710"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"Alden CL Burns J and Parker R (1987). Bisphosphonate nephrotoxicity: Model development and proposed mechanism of injury. Presented at 1987 American College of Veterinary Pathologists Meeting Monterey CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01926233890171P104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110603"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69840-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(82)90387-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91496-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-94-3-312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90813-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)91319-9"}],"container-title":["Toxicologic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01926233900184P204","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01926233900184P204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T16:51:39Z","timestamp":1777654299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01926233900184P204"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01926233900184P204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01926233900184p204","relation":{},"ISSN":["0192-6233","1533-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0192-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,11]]}}}