{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:09:25Z","timestamp":1777914565096,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]],"date-time":"1996-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":830908800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fifty-five dogs were exposed by inhalation to graded activity levels of\n                    <jats:sup>144<\/jats:sup>\n                    CeCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , a relatively soluble form of the \u03b2-emitting radionuclide. A large portion of the\n                    <jats:sup>144<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ce translocated from lung to liver and skeleton. Significant radiation doses were delivered to the respiratory tract, liver, and skeleton; however, the liver received the greatest cumulative absorbed dose. Liver tumors were the most frequently observed neoplasms in these exposed dogs and included 7 primary hepatic hemangiosarcomas, 1 cholangiocarcinoma, 1 hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 fibrosarcoma, 4 biliary cystadenomas, and 1 fibroma. The dose to the liver in these dogs ranged from 11 to 250 Gy with a median of 57 Gy. Autoradiographs showed a relative uniform distribution of \u03b2 dose to the liver. All the malignant tumors and 1 cystadenoma were primary causes of death. The morphologic features of the hemangiosarcomas and associated hepatic lesions were similar to those described for hemangiosarcomas induced in people exposed to Thorotrast. Biliary cystadenomas were associated with degenerative lesions in the liver but not with other neoplasms in the liver. These results indicate that the liver is an important target organ for effects from internally deposited\n                    <jats:sup>144<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ce.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339602400304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T19:16:47Z","timestamp":1238613407000},"page":"281-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Hepatic Neoplasms from Internally Deposited 144CeCl3"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Fletcher F.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Muggenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce B.","family":"Boecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"1745","volume":"35","author":"Benjamin SA","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588502200501"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3574012"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3573507"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-96910-2_7"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-197807000-00013"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"307","volume":"40","author":"Dorn CR","year":"1968","journal-title":"Cancer morbidity in dogs and cats from Alameda County. J. Natl. Cancer Inst"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Eustis SL, Boorman GA, Harada T., and Popp JA (1990). Liver. In: Pathology of the Fischer Rat, GA Boorman, SL Eustis, MR Elwell, CA Montgomery, and WF MacKenzie (eds). Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 71-94."},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588201900202"},{"key":"atypb10","unstructured":"Fritz TE and Norris WP (1971). Cerium-144-Effects of single intravenous injections in beagles. In: Argonne National Laboratory Biological and Medical Research Division Annual Report, ANL-7870. Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, pp. 145-146."},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb11","first-page":"265","volume":"133","author":"Gillett NA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09553009214551701"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/50.3.675"},{"key":"atypb14","author":"Hahn FF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"atypb15","unstructured":"Hahn FF, Boecker BB, Muggenburg BA, Scott BR, and McClellan RO (1989). Irradiation of lymph nodes after deposition of radioactive particles in the lung. In: Low Dose Radiation: Biological Bases of Risk Assessment, KF Baverstock and JW Stather (eds). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 216-226."},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(79)90134-8"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-197807000-00010"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391606-8.50010-7"},{"key":"atypb19","unstructured":"Kojiro M. and Ito Y. (1989). Pathomorphological study of 106 autopsy cases of Thorotrast-related hepatic malignancies with comparison to non-Thorotrast-related cases. In: BIR Report 21, Risks from Radium and Thorotrast , DM Taylor, CW Mays, GB Gerber, and RG Thomas (eds). British Institute of Radiology, London, pp. 125-128."},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"Mori T., Kumatori T., Hatakeyoma S., Irie H., Mori W., Fukutomi K., Bab K., Maruyama T., Ueda A., Iwata S., Tamai T., and Akita Y. (1989). Current (1986) status of the Japanese follow-up study of the Thorotrast patients, and its relationships to statistical analysis of the autopsy series. In: BIR Report 21, Risks from Radium and Thorotrast, DM Taylor, CW Mays, GB Gerber , and RG Thomas (eds). British Institute of Radiology, London , pp. 119-124."},{"key":"atypb21","unstructured":"Moskalev YI, Streltsova VN, and Buldakov LA (1969). Late effects of radionuclide damage. In: Delayed Effects of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides, CW Mays, WSS Jee, RD Lloyd, BJ Stover , JH Daugherty, and GN Taylor (eds). University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 489-509."},{"key":"atypb22","unstructured":"Olsen JH, Andersson M., and Boice JD (1989). Danish epileptics given Thorotrast. In: BIR Report 21, Risks from Radium and Thorotrast, DM Taylor, CW Mays , GB Gerber, and RG Thomas (eds). British Institute of Radiology, London, pp. 112-115."},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588001700504"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/57.2.451"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588001700406"},{"key":"atypb26","first-page":"267","volume":"173","author":"Strombeck DR","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. 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