{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:40:30Z","timestamp":1777912830902,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,9,1]],"date-time":"1996-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":841536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ultrastructural changes in immature articular cartilage were studied after treatment of 5-wk-old rats with ofloxacin\u2014a fluoroquinolone\u2014and in magnesium deficiency. Magnesium deficiency was induced by feeding a magnesium-deficient diet for 9 days; the condition was confirmed by measuring the concentrations of the mineral in plasma, bone, and cartilage samples of the animals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Oral administration of single doses of 600 or 1,200 mg ofloxacin\/kg body weight and magnesium deficiency were sufficient to induce gross structural cartilage defects. Alterations observed on the ultrastructural level showed striking similarities in magnesium-deficient rats and in rats treated with single doses of 600 mg ofloxacin\/kg body weight. Typical observations were (a) bundle-shaped, electron-dense aggregates on the surface and in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes, (b) detachment of the cell membrane from the matrix and necrotic chondrocytes, (c) reduction of the extracellular matrix, and (d) swelling of cell organelles such as mitochondria. These findings further substantiate the histological finding that quinolone treatment and a dietarily induced magnesium-deficiency induce indistinguishable pathological conditions in immature joint cartilage, and they suggest that quinolone-induced arthropathy is probably caused by a reduction of functionally available magnesium (ionized Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) in cartilage (42). Furthermore, they provide a basis for aimed studies with human cartilage samples from quinolone-treated patients that might be available postmortally or after hip replacement surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339602400507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T19:16:47Z","timestamp":1238613407000},"page":"580-587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Comparative Evaluation of Ultrastructural Changes in Articular Cartilage of Ofioxacin-Treated and Magnesium-Deficient Immature Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Shakibaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anatomie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Kociok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Toxikologie und Embryopharmakologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"F\u00f6rster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Toxikologie und Embryopharmakologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Vormann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodor","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Stahlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Toxikologie und Embryopharmakologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Joachim","family":"Merker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anatomie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG, Institut f\u00fcr Toxikologie und Embryopharmakologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, FRG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.Supplement_5.S1113"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339202000211"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589002700303"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1993.1034"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589202900307"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1985.46.02.306","volume":"46","author":"Carlson CS","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199207040-00007"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.163.6.1433"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.46.7.527"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1189"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1087"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002040050272"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339202000313"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"109","volume":"17","author":"G\u00fcnther T.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magnes. Bull"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"306","volume":"75","author":"Henderson B.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"2330","volume":"257","author":"Hewitt AT","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(88)90139-7"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(88)90275-8"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.1979"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/258327a0"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(73)90018-3","volume":"35","author":"Kosher RA","year":"1973","journal-title":"Dev. Biol"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092260205"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360811"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1994.1053"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00262297"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.163.6.1363"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.43.020192.002341"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb28","first-page":"1185","volume":"32","author":"Okazaki O.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.22.8749"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"859","volume":"101","author":"Ramachandrula A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(93)90170-K"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/322547a0"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/31.4.231"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809302700308"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199211120-00010"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/30.4.414"},{"key":"atypb37","first-page":"715","volume":"8","author":"Shakibaei M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-2333(94)00198-4"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/43.10.7560884"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(89)90376-5"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/26.suppl_D.31"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.2013"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199309060-00002"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02010725"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.3.357"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00926368"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.5.8.1850705"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370414"}],"container-title":["Toxicologic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019262339602400507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019262339602400507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T16:05:45Z","timestamp":1777651545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/019262339602400507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/019262339602400507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/019262339602400507","relation":{},"ISSN":["0192-6233","1533-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0192-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]}}}