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This study analyzed the data among 6,850 women from the New York City and Washington State Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (2004-2007) linked with birth certificates. Separate exploratory factor analysis was conducted by race\/ethnicity using a maximum-likelihood extraction method with 26 chronic stress items before and during pregnancy. Correlations and internal consistency reliabilities among items and latent factors determined race\/ethnicity-specific factor structures of chronic stress. Chronic stress was race\/ethnicity-distinctive and multidimensional with low correlations among the factors ( r = .07-.28, p &lt; .05). Despite financial hardship, perceived isolation, and physical violence underlying chronic stress among the racial\/ethnic groups, intergroup variations existed under each group\u2019s cultural or sociopolitical contexts. This study could help develop targeted strategies to intervene with women\u2019s chronic stressors before childbirth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945918788852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]],"date-time":"2018-07-18T15:09:58Z","timestamp":1531926598000},"page":"704-727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Factor Structure for Chronic Stress Before and During Pregnancy by Racial\/Ethnic Group"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-4696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangmi","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Ok","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianghong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801205280191"},{"key":"bibr2-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-013-1238-5"},{"key":"bibr3-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2010.0590"},{"key":"bibr4-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2011.0108"},{"key":"bibr5-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000250535.97920.b5"},{"key":"bibr6-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2015.18"},{"key":"bibr7-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302008"},{"key":"bibr8-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302634"},{"key":"bibr9-0193945918788852","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.70.3.591"},{"key":"bibr10-0193945918788852","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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