{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T14:45:30Z","timestamp":1792334730812,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["West J Nurs Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening condition often leading to complications such as cerebral vasospasm, which causes delayed cerebral ischemia and increases mortality. In intensive care, early identification of vasospasm risk factors by nurses is essential for timely intervention and improved outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to review and synthesize evidence on risk factors associated with cerebral vasospasm after SAH and inform early risk assessment and nursing care strategies in intensive care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. A comprehensive search was conducted on August 30 to 31, 2024, across 8 databases. Quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and the Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-eight studies were included in the systematic review, of which 27 were included in the meta-analysis, involving 19\u2009033 patients. Clinical severity measures were most strongly associated with cerebral vasospasm, including Modified Fisher grade (odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20092.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.04-4.07), Fisher grade (OR\u2009=\u20092.27; 95% CI, 1.91-2.69), and hemodynamic status (OR\u2009=\u20092.56; 95% CI, 1.17-5.59). Aneurysm-related factors and comorbid conditions were associated with increased risk of cerebral vasospasm, whereas clinical biomarkers and inflammatory markers showed relatively smaller effect sizes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical severity scales and hemodynamic status are the strongest predictors of cerebral vasospasm following SAH. These findings support early risk stratification and the implementation of structured monitoring strategies to improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO trial registration number:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CRD42024605605 (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD42024605605\">https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD42024605605<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01939459261475580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:48:57Z","timestamp":1792133337000},"page":"1245-1260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Key Predictors of Cerebral Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2580-2396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2778-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wonkyung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun-Mi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neifert SN Chapman EK Martini ML et al. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: the last decade. Transl Stroke Res. 2021;12(3):428-446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12975-020-00867-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-020-00867-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geraghty JR Testai FD. Delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: beyond vasospasm and towards a multifactorial pathophysiology. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2017;19(12):50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11883-017-0690-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-017-0690-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoh BL Ko NU Amin-Hanjani S et al. 2023 Guideline for the management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2023;54(7):e314-e370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STR.0000000000000436","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000449"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mijiti M Mijiti P Axier A et al. Incidence and predictors of angiographic vasospasm symptomatic vasospasm and cerebral infarction in Chinese patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. PLoS One. 2016;11(12):e0168657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0168657","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168657"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","unstructured":"Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Disease subclassification (3-tier disease) statistics. Accessed August 12 2024. https:\/\/opendata.hira.or.kr\/op\/opc\/olap3thDsInfoTab1.do#none"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park SW Lee JY Heo NH et al. Short- and long-term mortality of subarachnoid hemorrhage according to hospital volume and severity using a nationwide multicenter registry study. Front Neurol. 2022;13:952794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.952794","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.952794"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kus WP Pereira Furtado F de Franca Y et al. Analysis of delayed cerebral ischemia incidence after treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in young adults: a cohort study. Surg Neurol Int. 2024;15:449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/SNI_648_2024","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_648_2024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goursaud S Martinez de Lizarrondo S Grolleau F et al. Delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: is there a relevant experimental model? A systematic review of preclinical literature. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:752769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.752769","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.752769"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rumalla K Lin M Ding L et al. Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a population-based study of 8346 patients. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:e233-e241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.10.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Escamilla-Ocanas CE Venkatasubba Rao CP Bershad E Damani R. Temporal relationship between hyponatremia and development of cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: a retrospective observational study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020;29(6):104789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104789"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romenskaya T Longhitano Y Piccolella F et al. Cerebral vasospasm: practical review of diagnosis and management. Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2023;18(1):12-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1574887117666220810121048","DOI":"10.2174\/1574887117666220810121048"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dodd WS Laurent D Dumont AS et al. Pathophysiology of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(15):e021845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.121.021845","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021845"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim KH Koo HW Lee BJ Sohn MJ. Analysis of risk factors correlated with angiographic vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using explainable predictive modeling. J Clin Neurosci. 2021;91:334-342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.07.028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li K Barras CD Chandra RV et al. A review of the management of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2019;126:513-527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matano F Fujiki Y Mizunari T et al. Serum glucose and potassium ratio as risk factors for cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019;28(7):1951-1957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.03.041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.03.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blanco P Abdo-Cuza A. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in neurocritical care. J Ultrasound. 2018;21(1):1-16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40477-018-0282-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-018-0282-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonow RH Young CC Bass DI Moore A Levitt MR. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in neurological surgery and neurocritical care. Neurosurg Focus. 2019;47(6):E2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.9.FOCUS19611","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.9.FOCUS19611"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frontera JA Fernandez A Schmidt JM et al. Defining vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: what is the most clinically relevant definition? Stroke. 2009;40(6):1963-1968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.544700","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.544700"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miao Q Yan Y Zhou M Sun X. The role of nursing care in the management of patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Galen Med J. 2023;12:e3013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31661\/gmj.v12i0.3013","DOI":"10.31661\/gmj.v12i.3013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inagawa T. Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2016;85:56-76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.08.052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.08.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tawakul A Alluqmani MM Badawi AS et al. Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review of observational studies. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(3):1081-1099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02059-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-024-02059-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whittle C Hollingworth MA Dulhanty L Patel HC. What are the predictors of delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage? An up-to-date systematic review. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023;165(12):3643-3650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-023-05864-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-023-05864-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan MM Shaikh N Yousaf Z et al. Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a tertiary care center experience. Asian J Neurosurg. 2022;17(2):242-247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1750838","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1750838"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","unstructured":"Wang XT Xu YH. Platelets-to-serum Ca2+ ratio as a risk factor for postoperative cerebral vasospasm in surgically treated aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(5):1439-1449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202203_28207"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aleksandrowicz M Kozniewska E. Hyponatremia as a risk factor for microvascular spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol. 2022;355:114126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114126"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claassen J Park S. Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lancet. 2022;400(10355):846-862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00938-2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00938-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.4","author":"Higgins JPT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023 ed.). Cochrane; 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ Moher D Bossuyt PM et al. PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sterne JAC Savovic J Page MJ et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","unstructured":"Joanna Briggs Institute. JBI critical appraisal tools. Accessed August 12 2024. https:\/\/jbi.global\/critical-appraisal-tools"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ciesluk B Inglis DG Parke A Troup LJ. Systematic review: the relationship between gabapentinoids etizolam and drug related deaths in Scotland. PLoS One. 2024;19(10):e0310655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0310655","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0310655"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","volume-title":"Health Technology Assessment Methodology: Systematic Review","author":"Kim SY","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim SY, Park DA, Seo HJ, et al. Health Technology Assessment Methodology: Systematic Review. National Evidence based Healthcare Collaborating Agency; 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470743386"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duval S Tweedie R. Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics. 2000;56(2):455-463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Egger M Davey Smith G Schneider M Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629-634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheth SA Hausrath D Numis AL Lawton MT Josephson SA. Intraoperative rerupture during surgical treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is not associated with an increased risk of vasospasm. J Neurosurg. 2014;120(2):409-414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2013.10.JNS13934","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.10.JNS13934"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abla AA Wilson DA Williamson RW et al. The relationship between ruptured aneurysm location subarachnoid hemorrhage clot thickness and incidence of radiographic or symptomatic vasospasm in patients enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg. 2014;120(2):391-397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2013.10.JNS13419","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.10.JNS13419"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai PMR See AP Silva MA et al. Noninfectious fever in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: association with cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:e1014-e1019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.10.203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.10.203"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reynolds RA Amin SN Jonathan SV et al. Hyperoxemia and cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2021;35(1):30-38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01136-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-01136-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geraghty JR Lung TJ Hirsch Y et al. Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts delayed cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 2021;89(6):1071-1079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuros\/nyab354","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab354"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai PMR Gormley WB Patel N Frerichs KU Aziz-Sultan MA Du R. Age-dependent radiographic vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia in women after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2019;130:e230-e235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown RJ Epling B Staff I Fortunato G Grady J McCullough L. Neurocritical care society 13th annual meeting. Neurocrit Care. 2015;23(suppl 1):1-289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-015-0193-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-015-0193-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gross BA Rosalind Lai PM Frerichs KU Du R. Treatment modality and vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2014;82(6):e725-730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.08.017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bender M Stein M Tajmiri-Gondai S Haferkorn K Voigtmann H Uhl E. Troponin I as a predictor of transcranial Doppler sonography defined vasospasm in intensive care unit patients after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Intensive Care Med. 2024;39(11):1138-1145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08850666241253213","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666241253213"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tokareva B Meyer L Heitkamp C et al. Early and recurrent cerebral vasospasms after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: the impact of age. Eur Stroke J. 2024;9(1):172-179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23969873231209819","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873231209819"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li K Khan D Fischer I Muhammad S. Systemic C-reactive protein predicts cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study. World Neurosurg. 2024;191:e186-e205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.08.095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.08.095"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faust K Horn P Schneider UC Vajkoczy P. Blood pressure changes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and their relationship to cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2014;125:36-40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.06.023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malinova V Schatlo B Voit M Suntheim P Rohde V Mielke D. Identification of specific age groups with a high risk for developing cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Rev. 2016;39(3):429-436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-016-0701-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-016-0701-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darkwah Oppong M Iannaccone A Gembruch O et al. Vasospasm-related complications after subarachnoid hemorrhage: the role of patients\u2019 age and sex. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2018;160(7):1393-1400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-018-3549-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3549-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou Y Qian D Zhou Z Li B Ma Y Chai E. A nomogram for predicting the risk of cerebral vasospasm after neurosurgical clipping in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1300930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1300930","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1300930"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang L Chen L Jin Y Cao X Xue L Cheng Q. Clinical value of the low-grade inflammation score in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurol. 2023;23(1):436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-023-03490-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-023-03490-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen L Jin Y Wang L et al. Impact of human serum albumin level on symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Sci. 2024;45(1):213-222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07014-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07014-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun J Tan G Xing W He Z. Optimal hemoglobin concentration in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage after surgical treatment to prevent symptomatic cerebral vasospasm. NeuroReport. 2015;26(5):263-266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000340","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000340"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hishikawa T Takasugi Y Shimizu T et al. Cerebral vasospasm in patients over 80 years treated by coil embolization for ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:253867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/253867","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/253867"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harada T Uozumi Y Fukuoka H et al. The impact of hormonal dynamics and serum sodium fluctuations on symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2022;103:131-140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2022.07.016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2022.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozono I Ikawa F Hidaka T et al. Different risk factors between cerebral infarction and symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2023;173:e487-e497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.02.085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.02.085"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ho Kim J Jun Yi H Kim BT Shin DS. Clinical relevance of serum procalcitonin in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Ther Med. 2022;24(5):653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2022.11590","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2022.11590"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin KW Park EB Jo WY Lee HC Park HP Oh H. Association between high preoperative white blood cell-to-hemoglobin ratio and postoperative symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2025;37(2):216-224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000977","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000977"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosmann A Klenk S Wang WT Koren J Sljivic S Reinprecht A. Endogenous arterial blood pressure increase after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020;190:105639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105639"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romero FR Cataneo DC Cataneo AJ. C-reactive protein and vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Cir Bras. 2014;29(5):340-345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0102-86502014000500009","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502014000500009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueredo LF Camila Pedraza-Ciro M Sebastian Lopez-McCormick J Javier Rueda-Esteban R Armando Mejia-Cordovez J. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with small aneurysms in smokers and women: a retrospective analysis. World Neurosurg X. 2019;4:100038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wnsx.2019.100038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2019.100038"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozak N Bereczki D Szabo S. Predictors of symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a single center study of 457 consecutive cases. Turk Neurosurg. 2016;26(4):545-549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.14408-15.1","DOI":"10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.14408-15.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramesh SS Prasanthi A Bhat DI Devi BI Cristopher R Philip M. Correlation between plasma total nitric oxide levels and cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Indian population. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2014;5(suppl 1):S22-27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0976-3147.145196","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.145196"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buce-Satoba I Rozkalne D Mamaja B Krumina G Ozolina A. Leukocytosis and C-reactive protein may predict development of secondary cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(2):323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina58020323","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58020323"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_67_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischaemia in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (aneurysmal and pretruncal non-aneurysmal): a centre\u2019s perspective","volume":"76","author":"Balasekaran N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balasekaran N, Soelar SA, Anbarasen L, Cham CY, Rajandram R, Sia SF. Vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischaemia in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (aneurysmal and pretruncal non-aneurysmal): a centre\u2019s perspective. Med J Malaysia. 2021;76(1):17-23.","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Opancina V Lukic S Jankovic S Vojinovic R Mijailovic M. Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Open Med (Wars). 2020;15(1):598-604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/med-2020-0169","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2020-0169"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c7\u00f6ven I Kircelli A Duman E Pinar HU Basaran B. High prolactin level as a predictor of vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoidal hemorrhage. Med Sci Monit. 2017;23:3831-3836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/msm.906010","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.906010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JP Thompson SG Deeks JJ Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557-560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pearson T Fielder M Coulthard A. Assessing vasospasm risk post subarachnoid haemorrhage with the modified fisher scale. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2018;62(suppl 2):90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1754-9485.12810","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12810"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao D Li Y Cui J. The factors associated with the modified Fisher grade in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1373925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1373925","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1373925"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Winkel J Cras TY Dammers R et al. Early predictors of functional outcome in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol. 2022;22(1):239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-022-02734-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-022-02734-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng L Qin H Liu J et al. Neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling for patients with ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev. 2024;47(1):68. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-024-02304-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-024-02304-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imamura H Tani S Adachi H et al. Comparison of symptomatic vasospasm after surgical clipping and endovascular coiling. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2022;62(5):223-230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2176\/jns-nmc.2021-0126","DOI":"10.2176\/jns-nmc.2021-0126"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadopoulos A Palaiopanos K Protogerou AP Paraskevas GP Tsivgoulis G Georgakis MK. Left ventricular hypertrophy and cerebral small vessel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Stroke. 2020;22(2):206-224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5853\/jos.2019.03335","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2019.03335"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"daSilva-deAbreu A Alhafez BA Lavie CJ Milani RV Ventura HO. Interactions of hypertension obesity left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2021;36(4):453-460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000868","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000868"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ascher SB de Lemos JA Lee M et al. Intensive blood pressure lowering in patients with malignant left ventricular hypertrophy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(16):1516-1525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.08.735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.08.735"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uozumi Y Mizobe T Miyamoto H et al. Decreased serum sodium levels predict symptomatic vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2017;46:118-123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2017.08.037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2017.08.037"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_5_80_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Correlation of mean arterial pressure, serum magnesium levels, catecholamine infusion, water-electrolyte balance and severity of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"49","author":"Monov D","year":"2020","unstructured":"Monov D, Yankov D, Ferdinandov D. Correlation of mean arterial pressure, serum magnesium levels, catecholamine infusion, water-electrolyte balance and severity of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Anaesth Intensive Care (Bulgaria). 2020;49(4):8-11.","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care (Bulgaria)"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_81_2","volume-title":"Nursing Care of the Patient with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","author":"Censullo J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Censullo J, Al Firikh AAW, Mulkey M, McNett M, Livesay S, Ovando R. Nursing Care of the Patient with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. American Association of Neuroscience Nurses; 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kutney-Lee A Lake ET Aiken LH. Development of the hospital nurse surveillance capacity profile. Res Nurs Health. 2009;32(2):217-228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nur.20316","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20316"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chung J Jung H. Indicators of clinical deterioration in adult general ward patients from nurses\u2019 perspectives: a mixed-methods systematic review. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(1):861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-024-02531-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-024-02531-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mok WQ Wang W Liaw SY. Vital signs monitoring to detect patient deterioration: an integrative literature review. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015;21(suppl 2):91-98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.12329","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12329"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hulliel AF Abuhashem OH AlRabadi AM et al. Hyponatremia and cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Res. 2026;48(7):861-872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01616412.2025.2551087","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2025.2551087"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mend\u00edvil-P\u00e9rez M Choperena A Salas V Chocarro-Haro M Oroviogoicoechea C. Interventions to develop clinical judgment among nurses: a systematic review with narrative synthesis. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025;84:104300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104300"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mittal AM Nowicki KW Mantena R et al. Advances in biomarkers for vasospasm\u2014towards a future blood-based diagnostic test. World Neurosurg X. 2024;22:100343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100343"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fischer I Chaudhry SR Hanggi D Muhammad S. Clustering of serum biomarkers involved in post-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) complications. Neurosurg Rev. 2023;46(1):63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-023-01967-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-023-01967-9"}],"container-title":["Western Journal of Nursing Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01939459261475580","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/01939459261475580","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/01939459261475580","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T14:20:07Z","timestamp":1792333207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/01939459261475580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/01939459261475580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01939459261475580","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-9459","1552-8456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-9459","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8456","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}}}