{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:39:21Z","timestamp":1761007161832,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,11]],"date-time":"2011-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To clarify endoscopic anatomy of the sphenopalatine artery (SPA) in relation to intranasal endoscopic landmarks using a human cadaver model and to simplify the surgical approach to SPA ligation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective anatomic study from November to December 2009.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University of Tennessee Health Science Center Gross Anatomy Lab.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty human cadaveric sagittally sectioned heads.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cadaveric nasal cavities were examined using a 0\u00b0 endoscope, and the SPA and foramen were identified. The number of nasal cavities in which a transnasal approach successfully revealed the SPA foramen was compared with those that required maxillary antrostomy. The distance from the posterior edge of the maxillary natural ostium to the anterior edge of the SPA foramen was measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Successful ligation of the SPA via a lateral nasal wall incision was achieved in 45 of 50 specimens (90%). The mean distance from the posterior edge of the maxillary natural ostium to the anterior edge of the SPA foramen was 23.79\u00a0mm (95% confidence interval, 22.03\u201025.55).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The method of performing SPA ligation via lateral nasal wall incision alone was successful in 90% of human cadaveric heads. Maxillary antrostomy revealed the SPA in the remainder. No specimen required uncinectomy. The mean distance from the maxillary natural ostium to SPA foramen was more than 2\u00a0cm. The routine use of maxillary antrostomy and uncinectomy is not needed to locate the SPA in most nasal cavities and moreover produces unnecessary mucosal trauma in the often medically fragile or coagulopathic patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811405593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T01:46:00Z","timestamp":1305164760000},"page":"494-497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Sphenopalatine Artery Ligation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Courtney B.","family":"Shires","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Boughter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merry E.","family":"Sebelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","first-page":"300","article-title":"Posterior epistaxis: systematic review on the effectiveness of surgical therapies","volume":"43","author":"Fuesi B","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","unstructured":"QuinnFB PorterGT RyanMW.Epistaxis.University of Texas Medical Branch Otolaryngology Website.2002.http:\/\/www.utmb.edu\/otoref\/grnds\/Epistaxis\u20102002\u201004\/Epistaxis\u20102002\u201004.htm."},{"volume-title":"Atlas of Head and Neck Surgery\u2014Otolaryngology","year":"2001","author":"Bailey BJ","key":"e_1_2_9_4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100116214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1992.01880090082021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199212000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100132657"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065899782106814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31815708d0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240301700111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2006.20.2928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200210000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-008-0390-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)30829-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","first-page":"447","volume-title":"Complications of Head and Neck Surgery","author":"Papel ID","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599811405593","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599811405593","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599811405593","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:53:45Z","timestamp":1760961225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599811405593"}},"subtitle":["A Cadaver Anatomic Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,11]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599811405593"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599811405593","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0194-5998"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-6817"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-11-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-03-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-05-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}