{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:06:05Z","timestamp":1793383565214,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the relationships between anatomical changes and treatment outcomes after velopharyngeal surgery in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with small tonsils (grade 0\u20102 on the Brodsky scale).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with planned data collection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six OSA patients with small tonsils underwent velopharyngeal surgery including revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation and transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty. Pre\u2010 and postoperative upper airway 3\u2010dimensional computed tomography and polysomnography findings were obtained for comparison and analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 56.8 (interquartile range, 37.5\u201070.1) preoperatively to 16.1 (10.8\u201033.5) postoperatively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). The change in minimal cross\u2010sectional area of the velopharynx (VmCSA) was independently associated with the change in AHI (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.271). Preoperative VmCSA was the only preoperative anatomical variable that was an independent predictor of change in VmCSA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 009, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.184). Postoperative VmCSA was independently associated with postoperative AHI (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.341).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with small tonsils, an adequate increase in VmCSA is associated with a successful outcome after surgery. Patients with a relatively small preoperative VmCSA are more likely to have favorable anatomical changes after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813492113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T00:22:12Z","timestamp":1370305332000},"page":"335-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Upper Airway Anatomical Changes after Velopharyngeal Surgery in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Small Tonsils"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Junbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingying","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren 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