{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:37:07Z","timestamp":1793932627712,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the different surgical techniques for nasopharyngeal endoscopic resection (NER) and to support the efficacy of the endoscopic endonasal approach in the management of selected primary and locally recurrent nasopharyngeal tumors (NPTs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients affected by NPTs who underwent NER from 1997 to 2011 at two Italian referral centers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NER was tailored to the NPT extension and classified as follows: type 1\u00a0NER, resection of the posterior nasopharyngeal wall; type 2\u00a0NER, resection superiorly extended to the sphenoid; type 3\u00a0NER, trans\u2010pterygoid approach to the postero\u2010lateral nasopharynx with removal of pterygoid plates and Eustachian tube, under control of parapharyngeal\u2010petrous\u2010cavernous segments of the internal carotid artery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six consecutive patients with primary (9 cases) or locally recurrent (27 cases) NPTs were enrolled. The lesions were staged as follows: stage I, 16 (44.4%); stage II, 3 (8.4%); stage III, 15 (41.6%); and stage IVA, 2 (5.6%). Type 1\u00a0NER was performed in 6 cases, type 2\u00a0NER in 12, type 3\u00a0NER in 16, and bilateral\u2010extended type 3\u00a0NER in 2. No perioperative mortality or major complications were observed. Postoperatively, 11 patients received intensity\u2010modulated radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy. Follow\u2010up ranged from 2 to 173\u00a0months (mean: 38\u00a0months). Five years overall, disease\u2010specific, and disease\u2010free survivals were 75.1% \u00b1 9.13%, 80.9% \u00b1 7.79%, and 58.1% \u00b1 14.8%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>NER is a feasible and minimally invasive surgical approach for the management of selected primary and locally recurrent NPTs. Our preliminary outcomes are promising, with local control rates comparable to those of conventional procedures. Larger case series and longer follow\u2010up are needed to validate the reproducibility and efficacy of the technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813493073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T02:05:08Z","timestamp":1371175508000},"page":"424-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Endoscopic Endonasal Nasopharyngectomy in Selected Cancers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Castelnuovo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Insubria Varese Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Nicolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Brescia Brescia 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