{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T04:10:28Z","timestamp":1784693428160,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess hearing results following primary stapes surgery in patients with otosclerosis, comparing local and general anesthesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search was conducted, followed by assessment of directness of evidence and risk of bias. Studies reporting original data on the effect of local anesthesia, compared to general anesthesia, on closure of air\u2010bone gap in patients undergoing stapes surgery for otosclerosis were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 257 unique studies were retrieved, of which 3 (including 417 procedures) satisfied the eligibility criteria. Assessment showed that all studies carried high risk of bias, and only 1 study provided direct evidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no difference in postoperative air\u2010bone gap, worsening of sensorineural hearing loss, and postoperative vertigo between the 2\u00a0groups. A statistically significant increased risk of immediate dead ear following stapes surgery performed under general anesthesia was reported in 1 study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813493393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T02:05:08Z","timestamp":1371175508000},"page":"360-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Local versus General Anesthesia in Stapes Surgery for Otosclerosis: A Systematic Review of the Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Inge","family":"Wegner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold J. N.","family":"Bittermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margitta M.","family":"Zinsmeester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert J. M.","family":"van der Heijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilko","family":"Grolman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.2003.00675.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(96)70046-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000235311.80066.df"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2001.111601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215109004745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31825f24ff"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(95)70103-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2007.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199901000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"[Anesthesia in surgery of otospongiosis]","volume":"87","author":"Causse J","year":"1970","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"[Anesthesiological problems in surgery of the stapes]","volume":"1967","author":"Maurizi M","journal-title":"Arch Ital Laringol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"[Anesthesia in surgery of otosclerosis]","volume":"10","author":"Naxera F","year":"1961","journal-title":"Cesk Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"[Anesthesia and awakening in surgery for otospongiosis]","volume":"1981","author":"Ringot M","journal-title":"Soins Chir Gen Spec"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181e8f1da"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599813493393","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599813493393","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599813493393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:57:56Z","timestamp":1760968676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599813493393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599813493393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599813493393","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-05-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-05-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}