{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T07:07:51Z","timestamp":1780988871942,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) To determine the prevalence of cardiac disease in children with electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities on polysomnogram (PSG). (2) To assess whether factors such as family history of heart disease and severity of sleep apnea are associated with cardiac disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review from 2002 to 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tertiary children's hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children between 1 and 16 years of age with ECG abnormalities on PSG who were referred to cardiology for evaluation were included. Children with a known history of cardiac disease were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010one children had ECG abnormalities on PSG and were subsequently referred to cardiology. The mean age was 6.5 years (SD, 4.5), and 64% (n = 39) of subjects were African American. The mean obstructive apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was 8.8 (SD, 13.3), and 26% of the children had severe obstructive sleep apnea (AHI &gt;10). The most common ECG abnormality (n = 52) recorded on PSG was premature ventricular contractions. Thirty percent (n = 18) of children had marked arrhythmias noted on their PSG ECG. Most children referred to cardiology underwent echocardiogram (45\/61) and 24\u2010hour arrhythmia monitoring (42\/61). Five children (8%) had cardiac pathology, including atrial and ventricular ectopy, tuberous sclerosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic insufficiency. Factors such as family history of heart disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 40) and severe OSA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 74) were not associated with cardiac pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac pathology in children with abnormal ECGs on PSG is common. Cardiology referral in such patients should be considered. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate cardiac workup.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814521578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T01:09:15Z","timestamp":1391476155000},"page":"684-688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Is Cardiology Evaluation Necessary in Children with Electrocardiogram Abnormalities Noted on Polysomnogram?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Cristina M.","family":"Baldassari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hind A.","family":"Beydoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School, Graduate Program in Public Health Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Peak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Specialty Group Department of Pediatric Cardiology Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2010.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000118216.84358.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(01)00449-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812463193"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Iber CA","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0408"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599814521578","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599814521578","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599814521578","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:37:30Z","timestamp":1760967450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599814521578"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599814521578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599814521578","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-10-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-01-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-02-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}