{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:41:21Z","timestamp":1778132481910,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the diagnostic value of symptom duration and purulent rhinorrhea in adults suspected of having acute bacterial rhinosinusitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a comprehensive systematic search on March 28, 2013. We included studies on the diagnostic value of duration of symptoms and purulent rhinorrhea in patients suspected of having acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. We assessed study design of included articles for directness of evidence and risk of bias. We extracted prevalence and positive and negative predictive values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 4173 unique publications, we included 1 study with high directness of evidence and moderate risk of bias. The prior probability of bacterial rhinosinusitis was 0.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24\u20100.35); we could not extract posterior probabilities. Odds ratios (95% CI) from univariate analysis were 1.03 (0.78\u20101.36) for duration of symptoms and 2.69 (1.39\u20105.18) for colored discharge on the floor of the nasal cavity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Recommendation<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 1 study with moderate risk of bias, reporting data in such a manner that we could not assess the value of symptom duration and purulent rhinorrhea in adults suspected of having acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Recommendations to distinguish between a viral and a bacterial source based on purulent rhinorrhea are not supported by evidence, and the decision to prescribe antibiotic treatment should not depend on its presence. Based on judgment driven by theory and subsidiary evidence of a greater likelihood of bacterial rhinosinusitis after 10\u00a0days, antibiotic therapy may seem a reasonable empirical option.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814522595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T20:41:30Z","timestamp":1392064890000},"page":"533-537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["No Evidence for Distinguishing Bacterial from Viral Acute Rhinosinusitis Using Symptom Duration and Purulent Rhinorrhea: A Systematic Review of the Evidence Base"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Medard F. M.","family":"van den Broek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corien","family":"Gudden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wouter P.","family":"Kluijfhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manon C.","family":"Stam\u2010Slob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark C. J.","family":"Aarts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina M.","family":"Kaper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geert J. M. G.","family":"van der Heijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Social Dentistry Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0392"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sinus and allergy health partnership: antimicrobial treatment guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis","volume":"130","author":"Anon JB","year":"2004","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.06.726"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.6.1209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis370"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"S99","article-title":"Canadian clinical practice guidelines for acute and chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"40","author":"Desrosiers M","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480252814216"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2009.02526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6999.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(02)00590-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548809032499"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809097017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13814789509161629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03130190100014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(92)90169-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.77.6.795"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60416-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"CD006089","article-title":"Antibiotics for clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis in adults","volume":"10","author":"Lemiengre MB","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"CD000247","article-title":"Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis","volume":"6","author":"Kenealy T","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599814522595","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599814522595","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599814522595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:38:11Z","timestamp":1760967491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599814522595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599814522595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599814522595","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-11-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-01-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-02-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}