{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:19:41Z","timestamp":1785464381157,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]],"date-time":"2014-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Describe the relationship between cochleovestibular schwannoma (CVS) volume, audiovestibular characteristics, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subgroup analysis of NF2 prospective natural history study from 2008 to 2011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quaternary medical research institute.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NF2 patients with small treatment\u2010naive CVSs (volume &lt;1000\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) by ear; N = 49 ears (32 patients). Cross\u2010sectional analysis of the following parameters was performed: tumor size, auditory brainstem response (ABR), 4\u2010frequency pure\u2010tone average (4f\u2010PTA; 0.5, 1, 2, and 4KHz), cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), caloric testing, 240\u00b0 velocity step test (VST), and MRI findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For all physiologic measures but the 4f\u2010PTA, larger tumors correlated with abnormal responses (<jats:italic>P &lt;<\/jats:italic>. 05). For abnormal ABR, mean tumor volume was 405 vs 151\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 0007) for normal ABR. Similarly, larger tumors correlated with weak caloric responses (mean 521 vs 165\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 0007) and weak cVEMP (mean 357 vs 192\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 0262). Tumor volume was not significantly correlated with 4f\u2010PTA. Elevated intralabyrinthine protein on MRI fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery sequences was correlated with larger tumor volume (mean 333 vs 55\u00a0mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001) and abnormal ABR and 4f\u2010PTA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 05) but did not correlate with cVEMP, VST, or caloric responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our cohort, ABR, caloric response, cVEMP, and elevated intralabyrinthine protein correlated with tumor volume, but 4f\u2010PTA did not. Abnormal ABR and 4f\u2010PTA correlated with elevated intralabyrinthine protein. These findings may provide insight on the effect of small CVS on the inner ear and cochleovestibular nerves, which may aid in their optimal management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814529081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]],"date-time":"2014-04-09T20:16:27Z","timestamp":1397074587000},"page":"117-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Audiovestibular Characteristics of Small Cochleovestibular Schwannomas in Neurofibromatosis Type 2"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Holliday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Georgetown University Hospital Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung Jeffrey","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Georgetown University Hospital Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Office of Clinical Director National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Zalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talah","family":"Wafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramita","family":"Dewan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Neurology Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly A.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen C.","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Butman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences The Clinical Center at the National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland 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