{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T01:37:54Z","timestamp":1792546674074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Head and neck trauma results in a range of injuries, spanning minor lacerations to life\u2010threatening airway compromise. Few studies provide in\u2010depth analysis of injuries to the head and neck (HN). We aim to (1) describe HN injury prevalence in the US and (2) investigate patient disposition and the outcome of mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nationwide emergency department (ED) sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 2011 database was queried for encounters with a primary diagnosis of HN injury, as categorized by the Barell Injury Matrix. Weighted estimates for demographics, injury category, and mechanism were extracted. Predictors of mortality and admission were determined by multivariable regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 131\u00a0million ED encounters. A weighted total of 5,418,539 visits were related to primary HN injuries. Average age was 30 (SE = 0.4), and 56.8% were male. Sixty\u2010four percent of injuries were attributed to fall or blunt trauma. Open wounds comprised 41.8% of injuries. The most common procedure was laceration repair (70%). The majority of patients (97%) were discharged home. Mortality rate was less than 1%. Predictors of admission and mortality (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 05) included multiple trauma, vessel trauma, and burns. Other risk factors included foreign\u2010body, older age, and male gender.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary HN injuries commonly present to emergency rooms in the US. The majority of HN injuries are non\u2013life threatening and do not require admission to the hospital or result in death. These data have implications for HN injury surveillance and may be used to risk\u2010stratify patients who present with injuries in the acute care setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814546112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T01:42:33Z","timestamp":1408498953000},"page":"776-784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Epidemiological Survey of Head and Neck Injuries and Trauma in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Rosh K. V.","family":"Sethi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary\/Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elliott D.","family":"Kozin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary\/Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Fagenholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary\/Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark G.","family":"Shrime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary\/Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Interfaculty Initiative in Health Policy Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey T.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary\/Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31815acb09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.010983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199501000-00039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000251453.54663.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199401000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfacial.2009.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.8.877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2003.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(02)00168-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198901000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2008.06.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(96)00002-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2008.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Epidemiology study of facial injuries during a 13\u00a0month of trauma registry in Tehran","volume":"58","author":"Zargar M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.8.2.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Incidence and Economic Burden of Injuries in the United States","author":"Finkelstein E","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.44.s10.3.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"CDC.National estimates of the 10 leading causes of nonfatal injuries treated in hospital emergency departments United States\u20142010.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injury\/wisqars\/pdf\/National_Estim_10_Leading_Causes_Nonfatal_Injuries_Tx_Hospital\u2010ED_US2010\u2010a.pdf. 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