{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:13:14Z","timestamp":1791486794381,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,3]],"date-time":"2016-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To use combined pre\u2010 and postsurgical olfactory outcomes to assess the impact of endoscopic sinus surgery on chronic rhinosinusitis\u2212related olfactory impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CINAHL, Cochrane, OVID, EMBASE, PubMed, and SCOPUS. Each database was searched from inception up to October 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies were included that reported subjective or objective olfactory data in chronic rhinosinusitis patients before and after endoscopic sinus surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010one studies were used in the meta\u2010analysis. Weighted mean differences of olfactory measures demonstrated significant improvement in mixed CRS patients (those with and without polyps) through visual analog scales (\u22120.83,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 001), altered taste\/smell item on Sinonasal Outcome Test (\u22121.32,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;. 00001), 40\u2010item Smell Identification Test (3.49,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 0010), and Sniffin\u2019 Sticks identification (0.34,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 03). Chronic rhinosinusitis mixed patients demonstrated nonsignificant improvements via Sniffin\u2019 Sticks threshold (1.60,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 16) and Brief Smell Identification Test (0.20,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 32). When separated, polyp patients and dysosmic patients experienced the highest levels of olfactory improvement. Polyp patients improved by 7.87 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 006) on the 40\u2010item Smell Identification test, 11.54 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;. 0001) with the Sniffin\u2019 Sticks total score, and 2.57 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;. 00001) through Sniffin\u2019 Sticks identification. Dysosmic patients improved by 5.75 via the 40\u2010item Smell Identification Test (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endoscopic sinus surgery improves nearly all subjective and objective measures of olfaction in chronic rhinosinusitis patients. Patients with nasal polyposis or preoperative olfactory dysfunction improve to a greater degree.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816664879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T21:53:39Z","timestamp":1472594019000},"page":"936-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Olfactory Outcomes after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Preeti","family":"Kohli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akash N.","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Farhood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian A.","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun A.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2212Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Ralph H. 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