{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:28:41Z","timestamp":1787164121056,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the role of lingual tonsillectomy (LT) in pediatric patients with persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&amp;A).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, OVID\u2010MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central from 2006 to 2017.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inclusion criteria included English\u2010language studies containing original data on LT in pediatric patients with persistent OSA. Exclusion criteria included case reports and studies without outcome measures. Two investigators independently reviewed all manuscripts and performed quality assessment using validated tools. Meta\u2010analysis was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 866 abstracts identified, 5 studies met inclusion criteria. All studies were case series (level of evidence 4). Outcome measures included apnea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI), minimum oxygen saturation (minSaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), comorbidity status, and adverse events. Qualitatively, all studies demonstrated reduction in AHI and increase in minSaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      after LT. Comorbidities may not affect the success of LT for lingual tonsil hypertrophy (LTH). LT had similar adverse event rates as T&amp;A. Meta\u2010analysis was performed on 4 studies. LT showed a mean change in reduction of AHI and increase of minSaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      of \u22126.64 (95% CI, \u22128.63 to \u22124.65) and 4.17 (95% CI, 1.25\u20107.08), respectively. The overall success rate, defined as postoperative AHI &lt;5, was 52%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LT for LTH can be a safe and effective adjunct surgery for persistent OSA in patients after T&amp;A. LT may reduce AHI and increase minSaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , though complete resolution of OSA is rare. Given the limited number of patients studied, no formal recommendations can be made for the routine use of LT for LTH in persistent pediatric OSA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817725708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T08:01:16Z","timestamp":1504598476000},"page":"940-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Lingual Tonsillectomy for Pediatric Persistent Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rivero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Oakland California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Durr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Oakland California 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