{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:05:19Z","timestamp":1787018719445,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify predictors of adverse events and highlight areas for quality improvement for children who underwent laryngeal or tracheal dilation, without prior tracheostomy placement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional analysis using a US national database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP\u2010pediatric), years 2012 to 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients 18 years and younger were included. Patients without prior tracheostomy placement were identified using 2017\n                      <jats:italic>Current Procedural Terminology<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>CPT<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) codes: 31528, 31529, and 31630.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified a total of 160 children who met inclusion criteria. Forty\u2010three (26.9%) patients experienced an adverse event. Mortality was observed postoperatively in 1 patient (0.6%) 1\u00a0day after the operation. Younger age, increased number of days from hospital admission to operation, and increased number of days from operation to discharge were noted to be associated with adverse events. Last, the risk of adverse events appears to be mitigated by concurrent other laryngeal procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a high rate of adverse events reported with airway dilation in children. Unplanned reoperations and hospital readmissions are highlighted areas for quality improvement. Airway dilation in children appears to avoid tracheostomy and open laryngotracheoplasty in most cases for at least 30\u00a0days postoperatively. Further investigation may be helpful to understand if younger age and delayed operative intervention contribute to increased adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818756590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T08:36:00Z","timestamp":1517906160000},"page":"1119-1126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Areas for Quality Improvement for Airway Dilation in Children: NSQIP\u2010Pediatric 30\u2010Day Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Otolaryngology Department of Surgery Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Bioinformatics Duke University Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo E.","family":"Farjat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Bioinformatics Duke University Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.8.772"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24524"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813510867"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.1439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.1742"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2011.05.004"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599818756590","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599818756590","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599818756590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:05:28Z","timestamp":1760958328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599818756590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599818756590"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599818756590","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-08-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}