{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T15:11:21Z","timestamp":1760973081613,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To objectively compare the nasal decongestion potency of lidocaine\/phenylephrine when delivered with a nasal nebulizer and a nasal spray before a rigid nasoendoscopic examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Open\u2010label randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multicenter study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective clinical trial involved 106 participants with untreated chronic rhinitis. Fifty\u2010three participants had 400 \u03bcL of lidocaine\/phenylephrine administered into the right nostril with a nasal nebulizer, while the remaining 53 participants had 400 \u03bcL administered with a nasal spray. The control was the left nostril. Nasal resistance at 150\u2010Pa fixed pressure was evaluated with an active anterior rhinomanometry at 5, 10, 15, and 30\u00a0minutes postintervention. Pain score was assessed subjectively by applying pressure to the inferior turbinate 30\u00a0minutes after intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was an overall reduction in nasal resistance of the right nostril when lidocaine\/phenylephrine was administered with the nasal nebulizer in comparison with the nasal spray. However, a statistically significant difference in nasal resistance was seen only at 5\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 047), 15\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 016), and 30\u00a0minutes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 036). The examining endoscopist further supported the degree of nasal decongestion via subjective assessment of the nasal cavity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001). Pain scores obtained after the intervention showed a significant decrease in pain threshold when the nasal nebulizer was used instead of the nasal spray (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 040).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that the delivery of lidocaine\/phenylephrine to the nasal cavity by the nasal nebulizer provides better decongestive and analgesic potency as compared with the delivery by nasal sprays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818795852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T04:13:05Z","timestamp":1534824785000},"page":"783-788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Lidocaine\/Phenylephrine Nasal Spray versus Nebulization Prior to Nasoendoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Liang Chye","family":"Goh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Malaya Medical Center Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Klang Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balachandran","family":"Arvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Klang Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu Bakar","family":"Zulkiflee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Malaya Medical Center Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narayanan","family":"Prepageran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Malaya Medical Center Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240201600401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488309132740"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2007.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6815-7-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215113002429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-012-0108-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S25199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2006.20.2861"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.03.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Consensus report on acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry","volume":"43","author":"Clement PA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300616"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Market Research Engine.Nasal spray market by analysis; by container design analysis; by dosage form analysis; by prescription analysis; by therapeutic analysis; by application analysis; by end used analysis and by regional analysis\u2014global forecast by 2016\u20102024.https:\/\/www.marketresearchengine.com\/nasal\u2010spray\u2010market. 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