{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:14:32Z","timestamp":1787962472557,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare endoscopic and microscopic pediatric stapes surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two academic otology practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical and hearing outcomes were compared for consecutive children (&lt;18 years) undergoing microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgery. The main outcome measure was closure of the air\u2010bone gap (ABG) to \u226420\u00a0dB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two endoscopic surgeries (17 stapedectomies, 4 stapedotomies, and 1 stapes mobilization) and 52\u00a0microscopic surgeries (30 stapedectomies, 19 stapedotomies, and 3 stapes mobilizations) were performed. Patient demographics, history of ipsilateral middle ear surgery, and revision stapes surgery status were similar. The most common diagnosis for the endoscopic group and microscopic group were congenital stapes footplate fixation (45.5%) and juvenile otosclerosis (46.2%), respectively. Preoperative ABGs in the endoscopic (37.7\u00a0dB) and microscopic (32.8\u00a0dB) groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 170) were similar. There were no major complications, including facial nerve injury or anacusis, in the endoscopic group. Postoperative sensorineural hearing loss (&gt;15\u00a0dB) did not occur in any patients in the endoscopic group but was present in 2 patients in the microscopic group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 546). Improvement in pure\u2010tone average (25.9\u00a0dB vs 18.5\u00a0dB, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 382) and ABG (21.7\u00a0dB vs 14.7\u00a0dB, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 181) was similar, and postoperatively, the median ABG was 11.3\u00a0dB and 15.0\u00a0dB for endoscopic and microscopic cases (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 703), respectively. ABG closure to \u226420\u00a0dB (72.7% vs 65.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 591) was also similar.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric endoscopic stapes surgery is safe and hearing outcomes are similar to the microscopic approach when performed by experienced endoscopic ear surgeons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819836679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T04:24:05Z","timestamp":1552364645000},"page":"150-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Pediatric Stapes Surgery: Hearing and Surgical Outcomes in Endoscopic vs Microscopic Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Anthony M.","family":"Tolisano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas 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