{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T07:08:57Z","timestamp":1789110537465,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To discuss the presentation, evaluation, and management of pediatric laryngeal web.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single tertiary care center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients with laryngeal web at Boston Children\u2019s Hospital in the past 22 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>No exclusion criteria. Charts mined for age at presentation, presenting symptoms, degree\/location of web, associated syndromes, number\/type of surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010seven patients were included (13\u00a0male, 24 female). Average age at diagnosis was 3.7 years (0\u201019.5 years). Mean follow\u2010up was 4.4 years (range, 0\u201016.4 years). There were 26 congenital webs (70.2%) and 11 acquired webs (29.8%). Presenting symptoms were vocal (29 patients, 78.4%) and respiratory (22 patients, 60%). Underlying syndromes or synchronous airway lesions included the following: premature (n = 5), congenital heart disease (n = 18), subglottic stenosis (n = 5), 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (n = 10), and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (n = 4). There were 20 type 1 webs, 6 type 2 webs, 8 type 3 webs, and 3 type 4 webs; 10 had subglottic extension of the laryngeal web. Twelve patients were managed conservatively with observation. Eighty\u2010four interventions were performed: 18 open and 66 endoscopic (sharp division, 32; dilation, 33; mitomycin C, 14; laser, 5; keel, 6; triamcinolone injection, 8; stent, 15; removal of granulation tissue, 5). Tracheotomy was required in 11 patients, and 5 patients were decannulated. Voice improved in 12 patients, with respiratory symptoms in 12 patients. Web recurred in 17 patients. One patient died due to airway complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric laryngeal web is an uncommon but challenging lesion. Patients need to be evaluated for comorbid syndromes and synchronous airway lesions. Management includes open and endoscopic procedures. Procedures should be tailored to the child\u2019s presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819893985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T04:57:11Z","timestamp":1576558631000},"page":"234-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Laryngeal Web in the Pediatric Population: Evaluation and Management"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Lawlor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Medical Center Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology &amp; Communication Enhancement Boston Children\u2019s Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha D.","family":"Dombrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Medical Center Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology &amp; Communication Enhancement Boston Children\u2019s Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger C.","family":"Nuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Medical Center Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology &amp; Communication Enhancement Boston Children\u2019s Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Rahbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Medical Center Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology &amp; Communication Enhancement Boston Children\u2019s Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukgi S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Medical Center Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology &amp; 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