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A blinded reader quiz was conducted using 24 readers from 4\u00a0groups of tiered medical expertise. The primary outcome assessed was reader ability to detect presence\/absence of MEE. A secondary outcome assessed was reader ability to differentiate serous vs nonserous MEE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OCT image data sets were analyzed from 45 of 70 total subjects. Blinded reader analysis of an OCT data subset for detection of MEE resulted in 90.6% accuracy, 90.9% sensitivity, 90.2% specificity, and intra\/interreader agreement of 92.9% and 87.1%, respectively. Differentiating MEE type, reader identification of nonserous MEE had 70.8% accuracy, 53.6% sensitivity, 80.1% specificity, and intra\/interreader agreement of 82.9% and 75.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age was the strongest predictor of OCT quality. The mean age of subjects with quality OCT was 5.01 years (n = 45), compared to 2.54 years (n = 25) in the remaining subjects imaged (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 0028). The ability to capture quality images improved over time, from 50% to 69.4% over the study period.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCT otoscopy shows promise for facilitating accurate MEE detection. The imageability with the prototype device was affected by age, with older children being easier to image, similar to current ear diagnostic technologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819900762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T04:37:00Z","timestamp":1579581420000},"page":"367-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Otitis Media Middle Ear Effusion Identification and Characterization Using an Optical Coherence Tomography Otoscope"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Preciado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Health System (CNHS) Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Sheikh Zayed Institute CNHS Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan M.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhotoniCare Champaign Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhika","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Health System (CNHS) Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Sheikh Zayed Institute CNHS Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina M.","family":"Krakovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Health System (CNHS) Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhotoniCare Champaign Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nickolas A.","family":"Pudik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhotoniCare Champaign Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nankee K.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheikh Zayed Institute CNHS Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan L.","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhotoniCare Champaign Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Boppart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhotoniCare Champaign Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy M.","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Children\u2019s National Health System (CNHS) Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"American Academy of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery.Fact sheet: ear infection and vaccines.2014.https:\/\/www.entnet.org\/HealthInformation\/earInfectionVaccines.cfm. 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