{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T17:10:35Z","timestamp":1772989835307,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Develop a clinically relevant and reproducible endoscopic animal model for subglottic stenosis amenable to testing of minimally invasive therapeutic modalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Division of Laboratory Animals Research, University of Pittsburgh.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subglottic stenosis was induced endoscopically via microsuspension laryngoscopy in 26\u00a0New Zealand white rabbits. A trimmed polypropylene brush connected to a novel electronic stenosis induction apparatus was used to create circumferential trauma to the subglottis. By using open source image analysis software, the cross\u2010sectional areas of the stenotic and native airways were compared to calculate the percentage of stenosis and the Myer\u2010Cotton classification grade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 26 rabbits, 24 (92%) exhibited stenosis after the first attempt. The mean percentage of airway stenosis was 57% (range, 34%\u201085%; SD, 15%). Five rabbits (19.2%) died on the day of stenosis induction from procedural complications. Of the 21 rabbits, 2 demonstrated no stenosis 7\u00a0days after initial injury and so underwent reinduction of airway injury, upon which they developed stenosis. Overall, 14 of the 21 rabbits (67%) exhibited moderate to severe stenosis (grade 2 or 3).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The stenosis induction apparatus reliably induced stenosis with a low mortality rate as compared with that of other methods in the literature. The device could be improved to generate a predetermined potentially reproducible grade of stenosis as desired by the operator. This method sets the stage for a clinically relevant and reproducible subglottic stenosis disease model that is amenable to testing of minimally invasive treatment modalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820921404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T04:08:45Z","timestamp":1589256525000},"page":"905-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Subglottic Stenosis: Development of a Clinically Relevant Endoscopic Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Leila J.","family":"Mady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Criado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical 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