{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T14:01:51Z","timestamp":1783000911712,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Epistaxis is a common complaint in the general population, and its treatment is a common procedure in emergency departments. In the COVID\u201019 era, procedures involving airway management are a particular risk for health care workers due to the high virulence of the virus, the transmission through aerosol, and the risk of contagion from asymptomatic patients. In this article, we propose a simple memorandum of clinical recommendations to minimize the risk of operator infection deriving from epistaxis management. The correct use of personal protective equipment and strict compliance with the behavioral guidelines are essential to reduce the potential risk of infection. In particular, the use of filtering masks is strongly recommended since all patients, including those referring for epistaxis, should be treated as being COVID\u201019 positive in the emergency department. The safety of health care workers is essential not only to safeguard continuous patient care but also to limit virus transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820926497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T04:02:51Z","timestamp":1588651371000},"page":"75-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinical Recommendations for Epistaxis Management During the COVID\u201019\u00a0Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Vittorio","family":"D\u2019Aguanno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sense Organs Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ralli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sense Organs Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sense Organs Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"de Vincentiis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(20)30196\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","article-title":"Integrated surveillance of COVID\u201019\u00a0in Italy","author":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","year":"2020","journal-title":"Published"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30084-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.0764"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2020.104682"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819889955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(20)30297\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Personal protection and delivery of rhinologic and endoscopic skull base procedures during the COVID\u201019 outbreak","author":"Van Gerven L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599820926497","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599820926497","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599820926497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:15:51Z","timestamp":1760955351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599820926497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599820926497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599820926497","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}