{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:34:43Z","timestamp":1761006883344,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Otolaryngologists are at increased risk for exposure to suspected aerosol\u2010generating procedures during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic. In the present study, we sought to quantify differences in aerosol generation during common ventilation scenarios. We performed a series of 30\u2010second ventilation experiments on porcine larynx\u2010trachea\u2010lung specimens. We used an optical particle sizer to quantify the number of 1\u2010 to 10\u2010\u00b5m particles observed per 30\u2010second period (PP30). No significant aerosols were observed with ventilation of intubated specimens (10.8 \u00b1 2.4\u00a0PP30 vs background 9.5 \u00b1 2.1, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 1.0000). Simulated coughing through a tracheostomy produced 53.5 \u00b1 25.2\u00a0PP30, significantly more than background (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 0121) and ventilation of an intubated specimen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 0401). These data suggest that undisturbed ventilation and thus intubation without stimulation or coughing may be safer than believed. Coughing increases aerosol production, particularly via tracheostomy. Otolaryngologists who frequently manage patient airways and perform tracheostomy are at increased risk for aerosol exposure and require appropriate personal protective equipment, especially during the ongoing COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820933595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T04:06:43Z","timestamp":1592280403000},"page":"702-704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Aerosolization During Common Ventilation Scenarios"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Roy","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Boston Massachusetts 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