{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:55:42Z","timestamp":1789102542543,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01HL144859\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HL144859\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine if clinically acquired cephalometric measurements, specifically soft palate size, can predict hypoglossal nerve stimulation outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined prospective cohort study and retrospective review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>US sleep otolaryngology training program.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults with obstructive sleep apnea and apneahypopnea index greater than 15 events\/h who underwent hypoglossal nerve stimulation. Eligible subjects had diagnostic preoperative sleep studies and full\u2010night efficacy postoperative studies for analysis. Lateral neck x\u2010rays were obtained as part of routine clinical care and measured for key cephalometric variables by trained head and neck radiologists. Continuous variables were compared using the Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, while \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> testing was used for categorical variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010one patients met all study criteria. On average, patients were white, middle aged, and overweight. Following hypoglossal nerve stimulation, the overall cohort achieved a significant apnea\u2010hypopnea index reduction from 36.7 events\/h to 20.6 events\/h (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 01) and a response rate of 47% (defined as apnea\u2010hypopnea index reduction &gt;50% and apnea\u2010hypopnea index &lt;20 events\/h). On average, therapy responders had significantly thinner soft palates than nonresponders (13.4 \u00b1 3.8\u00a0mm vs 16.0 \u00b1 3.4\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 045).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient\u2010specific anatomic factors, specifically soft palate thickness, may help identify optimal candidates for hypoglossal nerve stimulation. A larger, prospective study including both anatomic and physiologic variables is required to validate these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820963141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T12:32:39Z","timestamp":1602592359000},"page":"1122-1127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical Radiographic Predictors of Response to Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Clara H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Columbia University Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Everett G.","family":"Seay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Radiologists: A Radiology Partners Affiliated Practice Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raj C.","family":"Dedhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 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