{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:48:08Z","timestamp":1789544888072,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare presenting symptoms, etiology, and treatment outcomes among dysphonic adults &lt;65 and \u226565 years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tertiary care voice center between January 2011 and June 2016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 755 patients presenting for dysphonia were included in the study: 513 adults &lt;65 years of age and 242 adults \u226565. Data collected included demographics, referral information, prior diagnoses, prior treatments, clinical examination findings, diagnosis, coexisting symptoms, treatments, and pre\u2010 and postintervention Voice Handicap Index scores. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS to determine significant relationships between variables of interest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most common etiologies of dysphonia were vocal cord atrophy (44.8%) in the \u226565 cohort and benign vocal cord lesions (17.8%) in the &lt;65 cohort. When compared with adults &lt;65 years old, patients \u226565 had a higher incidence of neurologic dysphonia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 006) and vocal cord atrophy (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001) but were less likely to have laryngopharyngeal reflux (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001), benign vocal cord lesions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001), or muscle tension dysphonia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). Overall, 139 patients had surgery, 251 received medical therapy, and 156 underwent voice therapy. The \u226565 cohort demonstrated improvement in Voice Handicap Index scores after surgery (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 001) and voice therapy (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 034), as did the &lt;65 cohort (surgery, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001; voice therapy, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 015). Adult surgical patients &lt;65 reported greater improvements than patients \u226565 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 021).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are notable differences in the pathophysiology of dysphonia between patients aged \u226565 and &lt;65 years. Although adults &lt;65 reported slightly better outcomes with surgery, patients \u226565 obtained significant benefit from surgery and voice therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820978435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T13:19:17Z","timestamp":1607606357000},"page":"142-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparative Evaluation and Management of Dysphonia Between Adults &lt;65 and \u226565 Years of Age"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Jacks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kavookjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Kraft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. 2013\u20102017 American Community Survey 5\u2010year estimates. 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