{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T15:51:12Z","timestamp":1789833072322,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Demonstrate true vocal fold (TVF) tracking software (AGATI [Automated Glottic Action Tracking by artificial Intelligence]) as a quantitative assessment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) in a large patient cohort. (2) Correlate patient\u2010reported metrics with AGATI measurements of TVF anterior glottic angles, before and after procedural intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>AGATI was used to analyze videolaryngoscopy from healthy adults (n = 72) and patients with UVFP (n = 70). Minimum, 3rd percentile, 97th percentile, and maximum anterior glottic angles (AGAs) were computed for each patient. In patients with UVFP, patient\u2010reported outcomes (Voice Handicap Index 10, Dyspnea Index, and Eating Assessment Tool 10) were assessed, before and after procedural intervention (injection or medialization laryngoplasty). A receiver operating characteristic curve for the logistic fit of paralysis vs control group was used to determine AGA cutoff values for defining UVFP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean (SD) 3rd percentile AGA (in degrees) was 2.67 (3.21) in control and 5.64 (5.42) in patients with UVFP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001); mean (SD) 97th percentile AGA was 57.08 (11.14) in control and 42.59 (12.37) in patients with UVFP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 001). For patients with UVFP who underwent procedural intervention, the mean 97th percentile AGA decreased by 5 degrees from pre\u2010 to postprocedure (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 026). The difference between the 97th and 3rd percentile AGA predicted UVFP with 77% sensitivity and 92% specificity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;. 0001). There was no correlation between AGA measurements and patient\u2010reported outcome scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AGATI demonstrated a difference in AGA measurements between paralysis and control patients. AGATI can predict UVFP with 77% sensitivity and 92% specificity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599821989608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T01:17:53Z","timestamp":1613524673000},"page":"556-562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Application of a Computer Vision Tool for Automated Glottic Tracking to Vocal Fold Paralysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Tiffany V.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat","family":"Adamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip C.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon A.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly N.","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nate","family":"Jowett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Naunheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Operative Techniques in Laryngology","author":"Rosen CA"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.05.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline: hoarseness (dysphonia) (update) [published correction appears in Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","volume":"159","author":"Stachler RJ","year":"2018","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941212100105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000150701.46377.df"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.3.8087344"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24812"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199311000-00005","article-title":"Configuration of the glottis in laryngeal paralysis, II: animal experiments","volume":"103","author":"Woodson GE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4341-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1867","volume-title":"27th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Vahid K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"1755","article-title":"Dlib\u2010ml: a machine learning toolkit","volume":"10","author":"King DE","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"896","volume-title":"26th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Sagonas C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","article-title":"An open\u2010source computer vision tool for automated vocal fold tracking from videoendoscopy","author":"Adamian N","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2007.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200409000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940811701210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2010\/09-0105)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","volume-title":"Clinical Examination of Voice","author":"Hirano M","year":"1981"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599821989608","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0194599821989608","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0194599821989608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:17:06Z","timestamp":1760969826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0194599821989608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0194599821989608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599821989608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}