{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:18:56Z","timestamp":1780316336773,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to outline a protocol utilizing propofol infusion without an initial bolus during drug\u2010induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). We define normative values for final propofol infusion rate (P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>) during DISE and sedation depth values at P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tertiary academic hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A review of patients with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent DISE between 2016 and 2020 was performed. The following patient data were recorded: demographics; DISE procedure details, including P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>, time to P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>, frequency and cadence of infusion rate changes, depth of sedation as measured by Bispectral Index and SedLine values, and hemodynamics; and polysomnography details including apnea\u2010hypopnea index severity and minimum oxygen saturation. A mixed linear model adjusted for age and body mass index was performed for the analysis of effects on P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>. Pearson correlation coefficients determined the strength of association between depth of sedation measured and pattern of collapse on DISE and P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 246 patients who met inclusion criteria. P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup> resembled a normal distribution (mean \u00b1 SD, 156.44 \u00b1 26.69 mcg\/kg\/min; median, 150 mcg\/kg\/min). Analysis demonstrated that P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup> was influenced by male sex, current smoker status, time to P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup>, and number of propofol dose changes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). Depth of sedation categories measured differently between Bispectral Index and SedLine (55\u201065 vs 45\u201055, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). The pattern including severity of collapse on DISE was not associated with P<jats:sup>final<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; .05). No patients required intra\u2010 or postoperative respiratory support beyond oxygen via nasal canula.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We describe a propofol slow\u2010infusion DISE protocol that demonstrates safe and reproducible outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998221088760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T12:03:20Z","timestamp":1648555400000},"page":"234-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Protocol for Propofol\u2010Infusion Drug\u2010Induced Sleep Endoscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0116-0412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor G.","family":"Lackey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Colorado Denver  Aurora Colorado 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