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The objective of this study was to identify differences between male and female patients with CRS in baseline disease severity at presentation, choice for surgery vs continued medical treatment, and postoperative response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated data on demographic and health characteristics, clinical objective disease measures, and sinus\u2010specific and general health patient\u2010reported outcome measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary analysis of prospective multicenter outcome study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparison of cohort characteristics and baseline and postoperative measures was performed with a <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, chi\u2010square test of independence, or Fisher exact test. Within\u2010subject improvement was compared between sexes with a linear mixed model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Females reported worse quality of life on presentation and postsurgery, despite experiencing less severe disease by standard clinical measures. Overall, females and males showed similar within\u2010subject improvement after surgery. However, certain quality of life domains and disease measures showed sex\u2010specific improvement. Females demonstrated greater within\u2010subject improvement in SF6D\u2010derived health utility and the SNOT\u201022 ear and facial, psychological, and sleep subdomains, although this did not reach statistical significance for the overall cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incorporating data on sex\u2010specific differences may be important to personalize CRS treatment decision making. The discordance between patient\u2010reported and clinical measures in CRS has been demonstrated in other pathologies and appears to be exaggerated by sex. Biological and psychological bases for sex\u2010specific differences in CRS manifestations are an intriguing topic for further research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998221102810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T12:01:46Z","timestamp":1653998506000},"page":"491-500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Sex Differences in Presentation and Surgical Outcomes From a Prospective Multicenter Chronic Rhinosinusitis Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-6349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annapoorani","family":"Asokan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess C.","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health &amp; Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine University of Colorado Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health &amp; Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay R.","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21847"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-017-0690-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998221076468"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21872"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27008"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","article-title":"Males and females are different","volume":"289","author":"Torpy JM","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06418-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000224575.12945.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21667"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22749"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov.Determinants of medical and surgical treatment outcomes in chronic sinusitis. 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