{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:14:39Z","timestamp":1787800479533,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) of symptoms and signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective controlled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>University medical center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients presenting with LPR symptoms and signs were consecutively included after diagnosis confirmation through 24\u2010hour hypopharyngeal\u2010esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance\u2013pH monitoring. Healthy individuals were recruited to compose a control group. Symptoms and signs were evaluated with the reflux symptom score and reflux sign assessment. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of symptoms and signs were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 403 patients with LPR and 144 healthy individuals. Throat clearing, globus sensation, heartburn, and excess throat mucus were symptoms with the highest SE (67.5%\u201069.7%), SP (12.5%\u201020.8%), and NPV (48.3%\u201049.2%). The combination of throat clearing, heartburn, globus sensation, and excess throat mucus led to a high SE (96.0%) and NPV (85.2%). Anterior pillar erythema, tongue tonsil hypertrophy, and posterior commissure hypertrophy resulted in the highest SE (75.5%\u201083.5%). The highest SP was found for uvula erythema\/edema, epiglottis erythema, and interarytenoid granulatory tissue (97.1%\u201097.2%). The association of nonendoscopic signs (anterior pillar erythema, uvula erythema\/edema, and coated tongue) had an SE and SP of 80.1% and 47.2%, respectively. The association of throat clearing, heartburn, globus, anterior pillar erythema, and uvula erythema\/edema had the highest SE (98.8%), SP (33.3%), PPV (94.3%), and NPV (70.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LPR symptoms and signs reported low SP and NPV. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV may be maximized with the association of throat clearing, heartburn, globus sensation, anterior pillar erythema, and uvula erythema\/edema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998221121822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T12:01:17Z","timestamp":1661860877000},"page":"97-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Values of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms and Signs in Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me R.","family":"Lechien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin\u2010en\u2010Yvelines (Paris Saclay University)  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Polyclinic of Poitiers Elsan Hospital  Poitiers France"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons  Mons Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery CHU Saint\u2010Pierre (CHU de Bruxelles)  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819827488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.1991.101.s53.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23693"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"801","article-title":"Otolaryngologic manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux","volume":"86","author":"Gaynor EB","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J 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