{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:34:34Z","timestamp":1761006874225,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,11]],"date-time":"2016-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12763,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The site and severity of upper airway obstruction were accurately determined by analysis of the flow\u2010volume curve obtained from a dyspneic patient with bullous pemphigoid. The limitation of maximum inspiratory flow to 0.5\u00a0L\/s and of maximum expiratory flow to 0.7\u00a0L\/s over most of the vital capacity suggested that the lumen of the extrathoracic trachea was narrowed to a diameter of 3\u00a0mm. The marked improvement in flow with the patient breathing a helium\u2010oxygen mixture further confirmed that flow was limited in a large central airway. The predictions made from analysis of the flow\u2010volume curve were confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination and by computerized axial tomography, which revealed severe supraglottic obstruction. After a tracheostomy was performed, maximal inspiratory and expiratory flows were normal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988209000105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T15:16:55Z","timestamp":1483629415000},"page":"20-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Severe Upper Airway Obstruction Caused by Bullous Pemphigoid: Diagnostic Usefulness of the Flow\u2010Volume Curve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Carl","family":"Hallenborg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and the Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee D.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haverford Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of California San Francisco 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