{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T21:51:11Z","timestamp":1774043471088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1984,10,1]],"date-time":"1984-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":465436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) often requires transfusion and has major ill\u2010effects. The recent literature reports successful high\u2010dose estrogen treatment of epistaxis caused by HHT. To investigate this, biopsy specimens taken from areas clinically involved with telangiectasia in four patients were evaluated for estrogen\u2010 and progesterone\u2010binding receptors. Specimens from two women (ages 34 and 38) were positive for both estrogen and progesterone receptors in ranges observed in breast carcinoma specimens. Specimens from two men (ages 34 and 78) were positive only for progesterone receptors at lower but clearly detectable levels of activity. Nasal mucosa specimens from control patients \u22122\u00a0male and 4 female \u2013 yielded no detectable levels of estrogen or progesterone receptors. Because of the side effects of high\u2010dose estrogen (especially in males), we have initiated systemic progesterone therapy with both megestrol acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Marked diminution in epistaxis incidence and severity was observed in three patients after initial systemic progesterone treatment. All treated patients have been maintained with good epistaxis control for over 1 year.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988409200511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T07:00:41Z","timestamp":1448434841000},"page":"564-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Richtsmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital Cooperstown New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital Cooperstown New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Streck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital Cooperstown New 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