{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:01:49Z","timestamp":1784804509921,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]],"date-time":"2016-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8904,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008189","name":"Deafness Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous investigations into the healing and reconstruction of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations have involved animal models with acute TM perforations. A problem with the acute TM perforation model is that most acute TM perforations will heal spontaneously, both in animals and human beings. A second inadequacy of acute perforation models is that they are not analogous to the salient problem in human beings: Longstanding TM perforation. The ideal animal model must have a TM perforation that is permanent, well\u2010eplthelialized, and free from infection. The perforation must also be subtotal to preserve a rim of membrane for experimental manipulations, in the chinchilla, we have identified a hardy animal with a short, wide ear canal and relatively large tympanic membranes. Thermal myringectomy, followed by medial infolding of TM microflaps, has resulted in permanent, subtotal chronic TM perforations in the chinchilla animal model. Of the 19 chinchillas (38 TMs) perforated, chronic subtotal perforations were created in 32 ears, 6 to 8 weeks after the initial procedure (84% success). Persistent infection or TM regeneration despite reperforation was recorded in 6 ears (16%) failure). This model is currently being used to assess various biomembrane scaffolds impregnated with growth\u2010promoting substances in the regeneration of a physiologically sound TM, initially in our animal model and then in human beings. We envision the development of a biomembrane disc impregnated with biorecombinant growth factors that may provide a simple office technique for the repair of chronic, non\u2010infected TM perforations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210600127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T19:39:32Z","timestamp":1485373172000},"page":"47-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["An Animal Model of Chronic Tympanic Membrane Perforation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"C. Philip","family":"Amoils","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coleman &amp; Epstein Neurotological Laboratories Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Jackler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coleman &amp; Epstein Neurotological Laboratories Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Milczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coleman &amp; Epstein Neurotological Laboratories Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin E.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coleman &amp; Epstein Neurotological Laboratories Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keli","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coleman &amp; Epstein Neurotological Laboratories Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1302","article-title":"The healing process of tympanic membrane perforations","volume":"75","author":"Clawson JP","year":"1971","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488709134701"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Epithelial migration on the guinea pig tympanic membrane: The influence of perforation and ventilating tube insertion","volume":"8","author":"O'Donoghue GM","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"802","article-title":"Cytology of repair in experimental perforations of the tympanic membrane and its relationship to chronic perforations in man","volume":"71","author":"Taylor M","year":"1967","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039139888400700311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949009900812"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Experimental studies on the closing of artificial eardrum perforations in rabbits","volume":"85","author":"Hildemann H","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947007900617"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949009900114"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The healing pattern of the drum membrane","volume":"287","author":"Reijnen CJ","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh)"},{"issue":"244","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","article-title":"Histology of the tympanic membrane perforation and the replacement membrane","author":"Yamashita T","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196710000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809097011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"503","article-title":"Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations: Complications and management","volume":"68","author":"Kristensen S","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198005000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100084346"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"216","volume-title":"Pathology of the ear","author":"Schuckneckt HF","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-195608000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100051240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487009181875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Wound healing and wound infection: Theory and surgical practice","author":"Hunt TK","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"Effects of sulfamethoxazole\/trimethoprim in the treatment of experimental otitis media","volume":"103","author":"Fang DJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488209130853"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100101355"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019459989210600127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019459989210600127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:19:00Z","timestamp":1760959140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/019459989210600127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/019459989210600127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/019459989210600127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}}}