{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:45:51Z","timestamp":1761007551109,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7692,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The introduction of transcranial magnetic stimulation has allowed the study of conduction in the proximal portions and central pathways of the cranial nerves. A study is made of cranial nerve XII with transcranial magnetic stimulation at two levels, cortical and cisternal, registering the motor evoked potential by means of surface electrodes in contact with the upper face of the tongue. Motor evoked potentials were constantly observed on cortical stimulation, in a painless, easy, and reproducible way, with mean values of 10.84 \u00b1 1.14\u00a0milliseconds (latency) and 7.81 \u00b1 1.14\u00a0mV (amplitude). Motor evoked potentials were unconstant and showed reduced amplitues on cisternal stimulation, with mean values of 4.72 \u00b1 0.62\u00a0milliseconds and 0.83 \u00b1 1.26\u00a0mV. The magnetic stimulation technique allows the study of the entire motor pathway of cranial nerve XII (motor cortex\u2010medulla, motoneuron\u2010muscle). The method is efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easily reproduced, and it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989511200403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]],"date-time":"2010-12-10T16:45:23Z","timestamp":1291999523000},"page":"520-525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hypoglossal nerve conduction study by transcranial magnetic stimulation in normal subjects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear, Nose, and Throat Department Valencia University General Hospital Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Barona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear, Nose, and Throat Department Valencia University General Hospital Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Valencia University General Hospital Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Montalt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear, Nose, and Throat Department Valencia University General Hospital Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Valencia University General Hospital Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"306","article-title":"Conduction velocity in brain nerves in man","volume":"2","author":"Skorpil V","year":"1962","journal-title":"Electromyography"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110506"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92413-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248756"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489209136821"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"347","article-title":"Accessory nerve electroneurography by magnetic stimulation in normal subjects","volume":"47","author":"Barona R","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngoi Belg"},{"volume-title":"The head and neck","year":"1982","author":"Hollinshead WH","key":"e_1_2_5_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.10.1149"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"333","article-title":"Magnetic stimulation of corticonuclear systems and of cranial nerves in man: Physiological basis and clinical application","volume":"43","author":"Benecke R","year":"1991","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Muscle responses evoked by transcranial brain stimulation in stroke patients","volume":"44","author":"Meyer BU","year":"1990","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"864","article-title":"Causes des paralisies du nerf grand hypoglosse. A propos de 32 cas","volume":"18","author":"Tomassi\u2010Davenas C","year":"1990","journal-title":"Presse Med"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019459989511200403","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/019459989511200403","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/019459989511200403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:16:44Z","timestamp":1760969804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/019459989511200403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/019459989511200403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/019459989511200403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0194-5998"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-6817"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1944-04-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1994-10-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-04-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}