{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:42:28Z","timestamp":1793065348371,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]],"date-time":"2020-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differentiation between benign and malignant exudative pleural effusion remains a clinical challenge. Recently, several markers have been reported to increase the diagnostic accuracy of malignant pleural effusion, with controversial results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with exudative pleural effusion were divided into 2 groups: a malignant pleural effusion group (39 patients) diagnosed by malignant cells in pleural fluid cytology or by malignant infiltration of the pleura on pleural biopsy, and a benign pleural effusion group (51 patients) with neither malignant cells in pleural fluid cytology nor malignant infiltration of the pleura on pleural biopsy. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were determined in both serum and pleural fluid samples, using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The etiology of malignant pleural effusion in the malignant group was breast cancer in 43.6% and bronchogenic carcinoma in 25.6%. There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding sex, with more males in the benign group. There was no significant difference between groups regarding age. The median levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were higher in the malignant group than in the benign group, and the differences were highly significant in both pleural fluid ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and serum ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Matrix metaloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in serum and pleural fluid samples might be valuable markers for differentiating benign from malignant pleural effusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492320948311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]],"date-time":"2020-08-02T06:54:56Z","timestamp":1596351296000},"page":"560-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pleural and serum markers for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6527-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr M","family":"Allama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia H","family":"Abou-Elela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Islam M","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.05.008"},{"key":"bibr2-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2010.250357"},{"key":"bibr3-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezr117"},{"key":"bibr4-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(02)00157-5"},{"key":"bibr5-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12125"},{"key":"bibr6-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v32i4.6621"},{"key":"bibr7-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivv378"},{"key":"bibr8-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivs466"},{"key":"bibr9-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-77-4-507"},{"key":"bibr10-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2003.09.002"},{"key":"bibr11-0218492320948311","first-page":"3299","volume":"9","author":"Qiao X","year":"2016","journal-title":"OncoTargets Ther"},{"key":"bibr12-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030089161109700305"},{"key":"bibr13-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000046"},{"key":"bibr14-0218492320948311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181622bef"}],"container-title":["Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0218492320948311","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0218492320948311","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0218492320948311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:55:00Z","timestamp":1777398900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0218492320948311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0218492320948311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0218492320948311","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-4923","1816-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-4923","type":"print"},{"value":"1816-5370","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,2]]}}}