{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:21:54Z","timestamp":1777551714664,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Congenital absence of the left circumflex artery (CALCx) or an anomalous origin of the left circumflex artery from the right coronary artery is a unique anomaly in the literature that has been incidentally diagnosed with coronary angiography. CALCx is characterized by an angiographical absence of the left circumflex artery, with a super-dominant right coronary artery that provides the postero-lateral wall of the left ventricle. We present a review of the literature of a total of 52 CALCx cases reported so far including our case. In our study, the average age of patients was 52.83 years (median \u2013 55 years; standard deviation \u2013 13.05 years; range 12\u201376 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.93:1. The chronic coronary syndrome was the most common clinical presentation followed by the acute coronary syndrome. In 45.5% of cases, the associated coronary artery disease was documented. A comprehensive anatomical and functional assessment is required for the appropriate management strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492321997378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T00:33:00Z","timestamp":1614817980000},"page":"826-835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Congenital absence of the left circumflex artery: Case series and review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1747-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Jariwala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kartik","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satya Sridhar","family":"Kale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0218492321997378","first-page":"85","volume":"67","author":"Calton R","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"bibr2-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.618082"},{"key":"bibr3-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6579847"},{"key":"bibr4-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.52.3.490"},{"key":"bibr5-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.1810210110"},{"key":"bibr6-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.1999.29.1.67"},{"key":"bibr7-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-007-1005-x"},{"key":"bibr8-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali FS, Khan SA, Tai JM, et al. Congenital absence of left circumflex artery with a dominant right coronary artery.\n                      BMJ Case Rep\n                      2009; 2009: bcr08.2008.0772. Epub ahead of print 15 April 2009. doi: 10.1136\/bcr.08.2008.0772.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.08.2008.0772"},{"key":"bibr9-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(73)90285-8"},{"key":"bibr10-0218492321997378","first-page":"840","author":"Saito K","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu"},{"key":"bibr11-0218492321997378","first-page":"335","author":"Baruah DK","year":"1998","journal-title":"Indian Hear J"},{"key":"bibr12-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2143\/AC.55.2.2005729"},{"key":"bibr13-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(85)90225-6"},{"key":"bibr14-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/akd.2011.042"},{"key":"bibr15-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2018\/296"},{"key":"bibr16-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/AC.69.4.3036669"},{"key":"bibr17-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.51.6141"},{"key":"bibr18-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492316648582"},{"key":"bibr19-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.68.91"},{"key":"bibr20-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-013-3893-0"},{"key":"bibr21-0218492321997378","first-page":"1","volume":"2012","author":"Hongsakul K","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep Vasc Med"},{"key":"bibr22-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.1810320413"},{"key":"bibr23-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Innasimuthu AL, Kumar S, Gandhi C, et\u00a0al. Congenital absence of left circumflex artery with origin of left anterior descending artery from right sinus of Valsalva.\n                      Card Cath Lab Dir\n                      2011;  1: 138\u2013140.","DOI":"10.1177\/2150133511433757"},{"key":"bibr24-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/heartindia.heartindia_35_17"},{"key":"bibr25-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12809\/hkjr1412126"},{"key":"bibr26-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/hpr.2017.22"},{"key":"bibr27-0218492321997378","first-page":"109","author":"Baskurt M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J Afr"},{"key":"bibr28-0218492321997378","first-page":"169","volume":"16","author":"Maheshwari M","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Clin Med"},{"key":"bibr29-0218492321997378","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"Majid Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed Imaging Interv J"},{"key":"bibr30-0218492321997378","first-page":"1155","volume":"72","author":"Mievis E","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"bibr31-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jiae.jiae_32_18"},{"key":"bibr32-0218492321997378","first-page":"217","volume":"34","author":"Nough H","year":"2009","journal-title":"Iran J Med Sci"},{"key":"bibr33-0218492321997378","first-page":"208","volume":"6","author":"D\u00f6ven O","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anadolu Kardiyol Derg"},{"key":"bibr34-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/721536"},{"key":"bibr35-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-206782"},{"key":"bibr36-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20009666.2019.1593784"},{"key":"bibr37-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.3.286"},{"key":"bibr38-0218492321997378","author":"Santoshkumar S","year":"2019","journal-title":"Folia Cardiol"},{"key":"bibr39-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.09.045"},{"key":"bibr40-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14740\/cr749w"},{"key":"bibr41-0218492321997378","first-page":"6","volume":"3","author":"Tonks R","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Cardiol Res"},{"key":"bibr42-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1536\/jhj.44.1015"},{"key":"bibr43-0218492321997378","first-page":"273","volume":"34","author":"Tzeng YH","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chinese J Radiol"},{"key":"bibr44-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8710135"},{"key":"bibr45-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.895872"},{"key":"bibr46-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2004.03.075"},{"key":"bibr47-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.08.009"},{"key":"bibr48-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.50.4.768"},{"key":"bibr49-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1328-0163(98)90041-0"},{"key":"bibr50-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.43.3.270"},{"key":"bibr51-0218492321997378","unstructured":"Angelini P, Villason S, Chan AV Jr, et\u00a0al. Normal and anomalous coronary arteries in humans. In: Angelini P (ed.)\n                      Coronary artery anomalies: a comprehensive approach\n                      . 1999, pp.27\u2013150. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"bibr52-0218492321997378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.09.071"}],"container-title":["Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0218492321997378","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0218492321997378","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0218492321997378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:55:40Z","timestamp":1777398940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0218492321997378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0218492321997378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0218492321997378","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-4923","1816-5370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-4923","type":"print"},{"value":"1816-5370","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]}}}