{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T04:23:21Z","timestamp":1785471801942,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Internalized stigma experienced by individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder dramatically affects their overall quality of life. While several studies have explored this topic, there remains a scarcity of research comparing internalized stigma across both these illnesses. We investigated and compared how internalized stigma is associated with different socio-demographic factors among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder in remission. This was a comparative study of the internalized stigma experienced by patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder in remission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 106 patients with schizophrenia and 53 with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) in remission underwent assessment using the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study revealed that internalized stigma was significantly more (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = .0001) in patients with schizophrenia (84.84 \u00b1 6.02) compared to those with BPAD (78.55 \u00b1 6.07). Further analysis of the ISMIS domains revealed significant correlations between internalized stigma and stereotype endorsement (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = .005), stigma resistance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = .009), social withdrawal (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = .0001), and alienation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = .0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study suggests that individuals with schizophrenia experience higher levels of internalized stigma in comparison to those with BPAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02537176241240027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T11:43:40Z","timestamp":1712922220000},"page":"160-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Comparative Study of Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder in Remission"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2202-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shraddha Rajendra","family":"Borhade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Psychiatry, MGIMS, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kshirod Kumar","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Psychiatry, MGIMS, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Psychiatry, MGIMS, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"Prevalence of schizophrenia: recent developments","volume":"17","author":"Esan O","year":"2013","unstructured":"Esan O. 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