{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:26:06Z","timestamp":1777915566540,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutr Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>By comparing epigenetics of current species with fossil records across evolutionary transitions, we can gauge the moment of emergence of some novel mechanisms in evolution, and recognize that epigenetic mechanisms have a bearing on mutation. Understanding the complexity and changeability of these mechanisms, as well as the changes they can effect, is both fascinating and of vital practical benefit. Our most serious pandemics of so-called \u2018non-communicable\u2019 diseases \u2013 mental and cardiovascular disorders, obesity and diabetes, rooted in the \u2018metabolic syndrome\u2019 \u2013 are evidently related to effects on our evolutionary mechanisms of agricultural and food industrialization, modern lifestyle and diet. Pollution affects us directly as well as indirectly by its destruction of ecologically essential biosystems. Evidently such powerful conditions of existence have epigenetic effects on both our health and our continuing evolution. Such effects are most profound during reproductive and developmental processes, when levels of hormones, as affected by stress particularly, may be due to modern cultures in childbearing such as excessive intervention, separation, maternal distress and disruption of bonding. Mechanisms of genomic imprinting seem likely to throw light on problems in assisted reproductive technology, among other transgenerational effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0260106014537160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]],"date-time":"2014-09-02T00:07:35Z","timestamp":1409616455000},"page":"105-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epigenetics in adaptive evolution and development"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Simon H","family":"House","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MA Natural Sciences and Theology, Peterhouse, Cambridge UK; Chair, McCarrison Society of Nutrition &amp; Health Natural Sciences and Theology, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"House S. Stages in reproduction particularly vulnerable to xenobiotic hazards and nutritional deficits http:\/\/www.healthierbabies.org\/simon\/simon.htm (2000). accessed 30\/07\/14","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600001400302"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"The unborn child","author":"Ridgway R","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ridgway R, House SH. The unborn child. London: Karnac, 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600701900217"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"Mothers, babies and health in later life","author":"Barker DJP","year":"1998","unstructured":"Barker DJP. Mothers, babies and health in later life. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/pdr.0b013e3180459fcd"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"The prenatal person: Frank Lake's maternal-fetal distress syndrome","author":"Maret SM","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maret SM. The prenatal person: Frank Lake's maternal-fetal distress syndrome. Lanham: University Press of America, 1997."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","volume-title":"Tight corners in pastoral counselling","author":"Lake F","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lake F. Tight corners in pastoral counselling. Birmingham, UK: Bridge Pastoral Foundation, 2005. (Original - London: Darton LT, 1981)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"437","volume-title":"International Journal of Prenatal & Perinatal Psychology & MedicineJ of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health","author":"House SH","year":"1999","unstructured":"House SH. Primal integration therapy \u2013 School of Lake \u2013 Dr Frank Lake, MB MRCPsych DPM. International Journal of Prenatal & Perinatal Psychology & Medicine 1999 11: 437\u2013457. Heidelberg: Mattes. Also in J of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health 2000; 14: 195\u2013352, Lawrence KA: Allen."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600201600104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35011166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600701900213"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","volume-title":"Nutrition and evolution","author":"Crawford M","year":"1995","unstructured":"Crawford M, Marsh D. Nutrition and evolution. New Canaan, CT, US: Keats, 1995."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","volume-title":"The driving force","author":"Crawford M","year":"1989","unstructured":"Crawford M, Marsh D. The driving force, London: Heinemann, 1989."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"On the origin of the species","author":"Darwin C","year":"1859","unstructured":"Darwin C. On the origin of the species. London: John Murray, 1859."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","volume-title":"Zoological philosophy: an exposition with regard to the natural history of animals the diversity of their organisation and the faculties which they derive from it; the physical causes which maintain life withir-i them and give rise to their various movements; lastly, those which produce feeling and intelligence in some among them","author":"Lamarck J-B","year":"1914","unstructured":"Lamarck J-B. Zoological philosophy: an exposition with regard to the natural history of animals the diversity of their organisation and the faculties which they derive from it; the physical causes which maintain life withir-i them and give rise to their various movements; lastly, those which produce feeling and intelligence in some among them. Translated by Hugh Elliot. 1914 London: Macmillan."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-4-42"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","volume-title":"The effects of external influences on development","author":"Weismann A","year":"1894","unstructured":"Weismann A. The effects of external influences on development. Romanes Lecture. London: Frowde, 1894."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","volume-title":"Evolution in Four Dimensions","author":"Jablonka E","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jablonka E, Lamb MJ. Evolution in Four Dimensions. Masachusetts IT, 2005. pp 7, 229."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Evolutionary genetics: Concepts and case studies","author":"Fox CW","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fox CW, Wolf JB (eds) Evolutionary genetics: Concepts and case studies. UK: Oxford University Press, 1995, p. 261."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/171737a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600401800102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02562227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600902000106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600701900214"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609471104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2660(07)59008-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201538"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200901"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0001566000001197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.1020170303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00575-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-6-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2008.01909.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","unstructured":"Barker DJP Professor Southampton University 1992 in personal communication."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0004.2002.620201.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.8.2388S"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.072284mb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2009.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/328203a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","unstructured":"Keverne B personal communication 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","volume":"56","author":"Razin A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Razin A. Refu Vet 2001; 56.","journal-title":"Refu Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806560105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607090103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.3.2.6034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.118150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1364.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950120056009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470719862.ch16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","unstructured":"UK Government House of Lords. Health: Cerebral palsy. Question for short debate 4 November 2009 http:\/\/www.publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/ld200809\/ldhansrd\/text\/91104-gc0003.htm (2009). accessed 30\/07\/14."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","unstructured":"US Spending on Mental Health Care Soaring. Health Magazine 6 August 2009 http:\/\/news.health.com\/2009\/08\/06\/u-s-spending-mental-health-care-soaring\/ (2009). accessed 25\/07\/14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03590.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","volume-title":"Presentation at McCarrison Society Conference - Post-genome: Health implications for research and food policy","author":"Tuddenham E","unstructured":"Tuddenham E. Genome evolution, blood and soil \u2013 a message from deep time. Presentation at McCarrison Society Conference - Post-genome: Health implications for research and food policy. The Medical Society of London, 19 September 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20492"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msn006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0336115100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.02.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040373"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M407695200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1169786"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00016-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5407.1476"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2001-2-6-reviews1018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2009.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","first-page":"206","volume-title":"Symbiosis in cell evolution","author":"Margulis L.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Margulis L. Symbiosis in cell evolution. San Francisco: WH Freeman and Company, 1981, pp. 206\u2013227."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.37.110801.142526"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-008-0247-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.4.3.8787"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-009-0035-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-08-0264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2009-10-1-r1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1326"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910190511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","unstructured":"Simmons D. In: Epigenetic influences and disease (Write Science Right) Nature Education 2008; 1(1):6. http:\/\/www.nature.com\/scitable\/topicpage\/epigenetic-influences-and-disease-895 (accessed 02\/008\/14)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-8-303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.08101538"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.675"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","first-page":"136","article-title":"Not really identical: Epigenetic differences in monozygotic twins and implications for twin studies in psychiatry","volume":"15","author":"Gottesman Haque FN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gottesman Haque FNII, Wong AH. Not really identical: Epigenetic differences in monozygotic twins and implications for twin studies in psychiatry. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2009; 15: 136\u2013141.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.47.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3282f76753"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.5.1288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2008.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-5-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Nature, nurture and the power of love","volume":"13","author":"Lipton BH","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lipton BH. Nature, nurture and the power of love. J Prenat Perinat Psychol Health 1998; 13: 3\u201310, p. 10.","journal-title":"J Prenat Perinat Psychol Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_2","volume-title":"The primal scream","author":"Janov A.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Janov A. The primal scream. London: Abacus, 1973."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_2","first-page":"143","article-title":"Life: How experience in the womb can affect our lives forever","volume":"23","author":"Janov A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Janov A. Life: How experience in the womb can affect our lives forever. J Prenat Perinat Psychol Health 2009; 23: 143\u2013184.","journal-title":"J Prenat Perinat Psychol Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_103_2","unstructured":"Emerson W. http:\/\/www.emersonbirthrx.com\/and fn3 Ridgway & House. (accessed 31\/07\/14)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_104_2","volume-title":"The enduring effects of prenatal experience","author":"Janus L","year":"1997","unstructured":"Janus L. The enduring effects of prenatal experience. Northvale, New Jersey: Aronson, 1997."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_105_2","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Languages of the brain","author":"Pribram KH","year":"1971","unstructured":"Pribram KH. Languages of the brain. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1971, p. pp. 15\u201325, 140\u20131, 150."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_106_2","unstructured":"International Society for Pre- and Perinatal Psychology and Medicine (ISPPM). http:\/\/www.isppm.de\/ (accessed 31\/07\/14)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_107_2","unstructured":"The Association For Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health. Birth psychology http:\/\/www.birthpsychology.com\/ (accessed 31\/07\/14)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1834"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601602103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/13.9.755"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32832d7b95"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e328013daa2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_114_2","volume-title":"The variation of animals and plants under domestication","author":"Darwin C","year":"1868","unstructured":"Darwin C. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray, 1868."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_115_2","unstructured":"International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Reporting Services. East Asian Seas Congress summary (November 2009) http:\/\/www.iisd.ca\/ymb\/sea\/easc2009\/html\/ymbvol131num9e.html (accessed 31\/07\/14)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb02529.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2014-102577"}],"container-title":["Nutrition and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0260106014537160","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0260106014537160","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0260106014537160","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:24:00Z","timestamp":1777656240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0260106014537160"}},"subtitle":["The interplay between evolving species and epigenetic mechanisms: Extract from Trygve Tollefsbol (ed.) (2011)\n                    <i>Handbook of Epigenetics \u2013 The New Molecular and Medical Genetics<\/i>\n                    . Chapter 26. Amsterdam, USA: Elsevier, pp. 423\u2013446."],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0260106014537160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0260106014537160","relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-1060","2047-945X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-1060","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-945X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}